موسسه جغرافیاپژوهشهای جغرافیای برنامهریزی شهری2383-145610420230121The multi-dimensional comparative evaluation of the components of the quality of life of local residents: The case study on cities of Fars and Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Provincesارزیابی تطبیقی چند بعدی از مولفههای کیفیت زندگی ساکنان محلی با تاکید بر سیاست ارتقا به شهر در شهرهای استان فارس و کهگیلویه و بویراحمد1229108110.22059/jurbangeo.2023.345085.1712FAعلیحسینیگروه جغرافیای انسانی، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایرانعلیصابریگروه جغرافیای انسانی، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران0009-0009-9529-0226Journal Article20220714A B S T R A C T<br />In recent years, improving the quality of life has become one of the most important goals of urban planners. One of the fields of manifestation of this concept is in the villages-cities. The process of upgrading rural settlements to cities, as one of the main policies to improve the quality of life in rural areas, has caused many villages to be upgraded to cities in the past decades. In this article, a multi-dimensional comparative evaluation of the components of the quality of life of residents has been done with an emphasis on the policy of upgrading the city in the researched areas. A statistical test was used to evaluate the residents' satisfaction with the quality of life in two periods before and after the upgrade. Analyzing the descriptive statistics shows that the upgrading of the settlement has not been able to cause satisfaction in Masiri and Sepidar cities. While Bostan has relative satisfaction and the coupon is in the best condition among the four cities. According to the median test, the two cities of Kopen and Sepidar are in the best and worst conditions in terms of satisfaction with the performance of the municipality. Also, according to the Chi-Square test, Masiri and Sepidar cities before upgrading and Kupan and Sepidar cities after upgrading the settlements have the best and worst conditions in terms of residents. Among the reasons for the weakness in the cities of Masiri and Sepidar, we can mention the weakness in the performance of urban bodies in the field of improving access conditions, lack of proper access, lack of proper transportation system, improper access to gas stations, lack of desirable changes in various economic fields, including employment and residents' income, etc.<br /> <br /><strong>Extended Abstract</strong><br /><strong>Introduction</strong><br />Quality of life is an important element of urban life, which aims to improve the lives of citizens by enhancing their satisfaction. The expansion of this concept has led to different aspects of human life and have an impact in different domains. One of the demonstration fields of this concept is in small towns and villages-cities. Today, the modernization of rural areas into cities is one of the main policies to improve the quality of life in rural areas has caused many villages to become cities. For this reason, in view of the increasing expansion of these settlements and also the great reception that has been accorded to them in Iran, the purpose of the current research is to examine the quality of life in four cities of Kopon, Masiri in Far, and Boostan, and Sepidar in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad provinces. As many rural areas have become towns in recent decades, it is necessary to pay attention to their quality of life and to compare the satisfaction of the inhabitants with their living conditions, before and after regulatory improvement; because in many cases, such action takes place without desirable and satisfactory changes, and often, it is done in order to improve the settlement without any planning. So, in this research, we are looking to verify people's satisfaction, after the improvement of the facility.<br /> <br /><strong>Methodology</strong><br />The statistical population of the research includes people who live in these cities. The result of this inquiry was collected in the library and the field research. In the field method to evaluate the views of citizens of two provinces regarding their quality of life. Within the two periods, before and after the improvement of the regulation and their satisfaction with the measures, the researcher's questionnaire was used, which brings us to 360 questionnaires (based on the population of the cities studied, this number was allocated among them and collected) was distributed amongst the citizens of these four towns on the basis of the Cochran model and in a simple random manner. Upon verification of the validity and reliability of the questionnaire, the Cronbach alpha method was used to measure the reliability of the questionnaire and each of its indicators based on expert views. Therefore, considering that the Cronbach alpha coefficient in this search is above 0.7, it may be argued that the questionnaire is sufficiently reliable and that the internal correlation between the variables is high. Furthermore, according to the aim of the research, which is to examine the quality of life in the four cities mentioned, and generally, to compare this important issue in two provinces in the two periods, before and after the upgrade to a city, and to investigate the process of change and the level of citizens satisfaction with this measure, using SPSS software and Descriptive Statistics and tests such as the Median Test and Chi-Square, the Kruskal-Wallis test, and the Spearman correlation, the quality of life in these towns was analyzed.<br /> <br /><strong>Results & Discussion</strong><br />The results of the research show that; people in four cities have different levels of satisfaction with their quality of life in two periods before and after improving the facility. In such a way that the analysis of descriptive statistics during the period before the updating of the regulation shows that, satisfaction with the quality of life in the town of Masiri is the best among the four cities, Boostan is also more attractive than Kopon and Sepidar. During the post-improvement period, we observe significant changes in the inhabitants of four cities. Based on the Median Test data, the level of satisfaction with municipal performance differs in four cities; in the city of Kopon is in the most favorable conditions (high median: 71) and the city of Sepidar (high median: 7) is in the lowest sequence. In general, the results of the statistical tests show that the cities of Sepidar and Masiri are in a bad state. In those cities, the situation is not conducive to improving access conditions, and a lack of adequate and appropriate access has resulted in resident dissatisfaction. Also, the lack of transportation system and inappropriate access to fuel stations, lack of quantity and quality of access to various urban installations, and the lack of favorable changes in various economic domains, including the employment and income of residents, are other issues that have caused significant dissatisfaction among the people who inhabit this space. Based on the results of the investigation, measures have been taken in the two districts of Kopon and Boostan that have been able to influence the level of citizen satisfaction before the establishment upgrade. The results of the research show that the measures taken in the cities of Kopon and Boostan following the improvement of the establishment were able to satisfy the residents, in such a way as to classify these cities as first and second respectively, during the period before the regulation upgrade, the conditions were different and the city of Kopon was the worst of the four cities in terms of prioritization, and in the city of Boostan, regardless of the relative gratification, there were also frustrations. This problem demonstrates that the modernization of settlements in these cities has been achieved with better planning and targeting.<br /> <br /><strong>Conclusion</strong><br />Research analysis shows that, in the cities of Kopon and Boostan, residents are satisfied with the measures taken to improve the facility and, their quality of life. Among the reasons for the substantial improvement in citizen satisfaction in these two cities, can be the expansion of service and welfare facilities and the appropriate and optimal access of citizens to these services, the existence and sanitary of health and treatment facilities, improved employment through convenient communication in both cities and connection to the main artery. The connection between the south and the southwest of the country; played an important part in the prosperity of employment. Enhancement of the existing economic capabilities of the two cities, Improving and promoting infrastructure, including proper access to fuel stations, roads, and potential capacity to deliver services to the sphere of influence, which played a very important part in the equilibrium of the spatial space network, etc. Whilst in the cities of Sepidar and Misiri, residents are not satisfied with the current situation, as a result of being transformed into a city and the actions taken. One of the reasons for this infirmity is the function of the city in terms of improving access conditions and the lack of appropriate and adequate availability, lack of proper transport system, insufficient access to gas stations, and the limited amount and quality of educational facilities. Lack of favorable changes in various economic fields; including the employment and income of residents, as well as lack of attention to gender, etc. A challenge that has had a significant impact on intra-city migration in recent years.<br /> <br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><strong>استناد:</strong> رمضانی مهریان، مجید. (1401). ارزیابی کیفیت ساختاری شبکه فضای سبز در محیطهای شهری مطالعه موردی: منطقه 16 شهر تهران. <em>مجله</em><em> </em><em>پژوهشهای جغرافیای برنامهریزی شهری</em>، <em>10</em> (1)، 99-81.<br /> <br /><strong> </strong>http://doi.org/10.22059/JURBANGEO.2022.325283.1535 <br /> <br /><strong> </strong><br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><strong> Funding</strong><br />There is no funding support.<br /><strong> </strong><br /><strong>Authors</strong><strong>’</strong><strong> </strong><strong>Contribution </strong><br />All of the authors approved the content of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work.<br /><strong> </strong><br /><strong>Conflict of Interest </strong><br />Authors declared no conflict of interest.<br /><strong> </strong><br /><strong>Acknowledgments</strong><br />We are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper.در سالهای اخیر بهبود کیفیت زندگی به یکی از مهمترین اهداف مدنظر برنامهریزان شهری تبدیلشده است. یکی از عرصههای جلوهگری این مفهوم در روستا- شهرهاست. روند ارتقاء سکونتگاههای روستایی به شهر بهعنوان یکی از سیاستهای اصلی بهمنظور بهبود کیفیت زندگی در نواحی روستایی، موجب شده است که در دهههای گذشته روستاهای بسیاری به شهر ارتقاء یابند. در این مقاله به ارزیابی تطبیقی چند بعدی از مولفههای کیفیت زندگی ساکنان محلی با تاکید بر سیاست ارتقا به شهر در محدودههای موردپژوهش پرداختهشده است. از آزمون آماری بهمنظور ارزیابی رضایت ساکنان از کیفیت زندگی در دو برهه قبل و بعد از ارتقاء به کار گرفته شد. بررسی آمار توصیفی نشان میدهد ارتقاء سکونتگاه نتوانسته است باعث رضایت در شهرهای مصیری و سپیدار شود. درحالیکه بوستان دارای رضایت نسبی و کوپن در بهترین شرایط بین چهار شهر قرار دارد. بر اساس آزمون میانه دو شهر کوپن و سپیدار در بهترین و بدترین شرایط ازنظر رضایت از عملکرد شهرداری قرار دارند. همچنین با توجه به آزمون کای اسکوئر شهر مصیری و سپیدار قبل از ارتقاء و کوپن و سپیدار بعد از ارتقاء سکونتگاه بهترین و بدترین شرایط را ازنظر ساکنان دارا میباشند. از دلایل ضعف در شهرهای مصیری و سپیدار میتوان به ضعف در عملکرد ارگانهای شهری در زمینه بهبود شرایط دسترسی، عدم دسترسی مناسب، نبود سیستم حملونقل مناسب، دسترسی نامناسب به ایستگاههای سوخترسان، عدمتغییر مطلوب در زمینههای گوناگون اقتصادی ازجمله اشتغال و درآمد ساکنان و غیره اشاره کرد..https://jurbangeo.ut.ac.ir/article_91081_66d16c31ff11f9a5b291a21caa7923c4.pdfموسسه جغرافیاپژوهشهای جغرافیای برنامهریزی شهری2383-145610420230121Evaluation of the effective components of the presence of women in urban spaces:
the case study a historical bazaar of Urmiaارزیابی مؤلفههای تأثیرگذار بر حضور پذیری زنان در فضاهای شهری نمونه موردی بازار تاریخی ارومیه23409088810.22059/jurbangeo.2023.342453.1695FAمظفرعباس زادهگروه مرمت بناهای تاریخی، دانشکده معماری، شهرسازی و هنر، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایرانJournal Article20220714A B S T R A C T
Throughout history, gender has been an important factor in the formation of a person's position and, accordingly, his multiple roles. Societies have always assigned different roles to men and women according to their different cultures. So the role of men in the formation of urban spaces is very important, considering that at least half of the citizens are women, it is important to pay attention to the existence of spaces for the active presence of this segment of society in the city. While examining the status of indicators affecting the presence of women in urban spaces, the present research deals with identifying the factors affecting the presence of women in historical markets. For this purpose, the "Historical Market Complex of Urmia City" was selected as an urban space in the historical context for the case study. Considering that markets play a central role in all urban activities; The question is, what factors play a major role in the emergence of this issue? The obtained results indicate that currently, despite the various capacities in the discussion of attendance and also relative satisfaction in some components, the market has not performed properly regarding the attendance of women and is suffering from fundamental problems. Among the most important challenges in this discussion is the non-compliance of the comprehensive needs and demands of women with the practical, physical and social infrastructures available in the market; So it does not allow the presence of a large part of women
<strong>Extended Abstract</strong>
<strong>Introduction</strong>
Public spaces in the life of urban residents are essential due to the use of these spaces is a significant part of their daily life in the city. In fact, these places are environments for cultural exchange, enjoyment, entertainment, leisure, social life, and the exchange of thoughts, views, and ideas. Throughout human history, gender has been an important factor in shaping the situation of the individual and consequently playing various roles. Societies have always assigned different roles to men and women according to their different cultures. Given that at least half of the citizens are women, it is important to pay attention to the existence of spaces for the active presence of this segment of society in the city. Since human societies are made up of men and women, addressing this part of society has a special place. The present study, while examining the conditions of indicators affecting the presence of women in urban spaces, identifies the effective components of women’s presence in historical bazaars. The historical bazaar of Urmia is considered one of the most dynamic and essential urban spaces of Urmia, which has been able to continue its life despite all the changes in the city. This complex, like many traditional bazaars in Iran, in addition to its economic function, is also a carrier for many social and cultural activities. The issue of women's presence in historical bazaars is significant, so paying attention to its issues and problems and planning to remove obstacles in this regard is inevitable. In this regard, the "Historical Bazaar Complex of Urmia" was selected as an urban space in the historical context for the case study. This complex consists of various physical architectural spaces that actualize the major needs of society. At present, this space, as the most important urban space, has lost its ability to attract different kinds of women, and what is clear is that the number of women referring to the historical bazaar has changed significantly. Considering the proposed hypothesis, the purpose of this study was to investigate and explain the reasons for the decrease in satisfaction and the presence of different segments of women in the historical bazaar of Urmia and in this regard, it has studied the effective factors of the women’s presence concept. This article seeks to answer that; what factors play a key role in creating this important? What was the presence of different sexual-age groups of women compared to men? And what is the impact of this issue in relation to the components and criteria of the concept of attendance?
Although the factors affecting the presence of women in urban spaces have been proposed in many types of research, there has been no independent research on the topic of the presence of women in historical bazaars, especially concerning the historical bazaar of Urmia city, in terms of the detailed design of different spaces, including the lines and entrances. Therefore, conducting this research can be a breakthrough in this regard.
<strong>Methodology</strong>
The current research method is applied-developmental, which has prepared and compiled the conceptual framework of the research by using the descriptive and analytical approach to investigate the presence of women in the historical bazaar of Urmia. The library and document information was collected using quantitative statistical methods and SPSS software. In this research, information was obtained through the field method and based on a questionnaire that was distributed among four age groups of women in a cluster. In this part of the research, a five-point Likert-Scale method was used in preparing the questionnaire. The statistical population of this research includes the number of women visiting the bazaar in a full working day (10 am to 8 pm) in the historical bazaar of Urmia in the summer of 2022. Since the number of women visiting the historical bazaar of Urmia is an unlimited community, by using the method of counting the number of women entering the bazaar from different entrances at different hours, the size of the statistical population is 2482 people, which is 142 people were determined from Cochran's sample size estimation method.
These questionnaires were randomly distributed among people at different hours of the day and night. In order to measure the reliability of the questionnaire, Cronbach's alpha was calculated for the questions. The value of Cronbach's alpha obtained is 0.754, which is at the desired level.
<strong>Results and discussion</strong>
Based on statistical studies and calculations among different age groups of women, the presence of married women is higher than single women. Considering the employment conditions, the number of referrals of working women shows a higher number than housewives. Among the other research findings are the presence of more women in the four cities of Urmia compared to other urban areas and the frequency of visits by women in the age range of 36 to 50 years. Also, the number of women visiting the historical bazaar of Urmia is less than that of men. This survey showed that women visit the bazaar more in the evening, and the entrance leading to the Zargaran area has the most women. In order to measure the willingness of women to refer to the historical bazaar as well as the changes aimed at improving the bazaar situation, the obtained results indicate that women have a great desire to refer to and make changes to increase attendance.
The conducted investigations reveal that the historical bazaar, despite having acceptable conditions in relation to the physical and social component, has not been able to meet the needs of the majority of other age groups of women, so it is not attractive enough, especially for younger women with high education, in this regard, the requirements of the component physical and social effects are also effective. Going to the bazaar daily is another characteristic of the historical bazaar, which keeps the bazaar in the flow of daily life.
<strong>Conclusion</strong>
According to the collected information and the summaries, it was found that the most dissatisfaction was related to the user component and then the physical component of the complex, and the social component was ranked third. Hence, the Urmia bazaar, concerning the social component in comparison, has better conditions than other components. In general, while confirming the hypothesis of the research, Urmia's historic bazaar complex, despite its various capacities in the discussion of attendance and creating relative satisfaction in some components, needs to perform properly in terms of attendance and is suffering from fundamental problems. Among the most important challenges in this discussion is the non-compliance of women's comprehensive needs and demands with the existing infrastructure; it does not allow the presence of a large part of women. According to the purpose of the research, the present research has only studied and examined the problems and issues that different classes of women faced in the historical bazaar, so providing solutions and suggestions to remove obstacles in the bazaar requires independent research.
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<strong>Funding</strong>
There is no funding support.
<strong> </strong>
<strong>Authors</strong><strong>’</strong><strong> </strong><strong>Contribution </strong>
All of the authors approved thecontent of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work.
<strong> </strong>
<strong>Conflict of Interest </strong>
Authors declared no conflict of interest.
<strong> </strong>
<strong>Acknowledgments</strong>
We are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper.در طول تاریخ، جنسیت عامل مهمی در شکلگیری جایگاه فرد و بهتبع آن ایفای نقشهای متعدد او بوده است. همواره جوامع برحسب فرهنگهای متفاوت خود نقشهای متفاوتی را به زن و مرد نسبت دادهاند. بهطوریکه نقش مردان در شکلگیری فضاهای شهری بافاصله زیادی حائز اهمیت است با توجه به اینکه حداقل نیمی از شهروندان را زنان تشکیل میدهند، توجه به وجود فضاهایی برای حضور فعال هرچه بیشتر این قشر از جامعه در شهر حائز اهمیت میباشد. پژوهش حاضر ضمن بررسی وضعیت شاخصهای مؤثر بر حضور پذیری زنان در فضاهای شهری نسبت به شناسایی مؤلفههای تأثیرگذار بر حضور زنان در بازارهای تاریخی میپردازد. بدین منظور "مجموعه بازار تاریخی شهر ارومیه " بهعنوان یک فضای شهری در بافت تاریخی جهت مطالعه موردی انتخاب شد. با توجه به اینکه بازارها نقش محوری درمجموع فعالیتهای شهری داشته؛ این سؤال مطرح است که چه عواملی در به وجود آمدن این مهم نقش اساسی دارد؟ نتایج بهدستآمده حاکی از آن است که در حال حاضر علیرغم ظرفیتهای متنوع در بحث حضور پذیری و همچنین ایجاد رضایت نسبی در برخی مؤلفهها، بازار عملکرد مناسبی در خصوص حضور پذیری زنان نداشته و دچار مشکلات اساسی است. ازجمله مهمترین چالشها در این بحث عدم انطباق نیازها و مطالبات جامع زنان با زیرساختهای کاربردی، کالبدی و اجتماعی موجود بازاراست؛ بهطوریکه امکان حضور بخش عمدهای از زنان را فراهم نمیکند.https://jurbangeo.ut.ac.ir/article_90888_d56a7ee33ebd05dfafaebba9abc82f72.pdfموسسه جغرافیاپژوهشهای جغرافیای برنامهریزی شهری2383-145610420230121An analysis of sustainable urban regeneration with the approach of cohesion and continuity based on scenario-based future research The case study northern neighborhoods of historical-cultural context Tabriz cityتحلیلی بر بازآفرینی پایدار شهری با رویکرد انسجام و پیوستگی بر اساس آیندهپژوهی سناریو مبنا مطالعه موردی: محلات شمالی بافت تاریخی – فرهنگی شهر تبریز41639052110.22059/jurbangeo.2023.342899.1696FAرسولقربانیگروه جغرافیا و برنامهریزی شهری، دانشکده برنامهریزی و علوم محیطی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایراناکبراصغری زمانیگروه جغرافیا و برنامهریزی شهری، دانشکده برنامهریزی و علوم محیطی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایرانمهدیهطاهونیگروه جغرافیا و برنامهریزی شهری، دانشکده برنامهریزی و علوم محیطی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایرانJournal Article20220714A B S T R A C T
Urban regeneration aims to reverse the flow of urban change and decline. In the context of urban regeneration, new types of organizations are being formed, whose goal is to look at development from the bottom up, in which all actors are involved, and this will lead to the development of sustainable solutions in the long term. This research has been carried out with the aim of sustainable reconstruction of the northern neighbourhoods of the historical-cultural context of Tabriz city. Based on its nature, the research method is comparative-analytical, and from the point of view of the goal, it is considered part of applied research. The variables extracted from the theoretical foundations were examined through interviews with 15 expert experts (university professors, specialists, managers and experts of the housing and urban planning department and municipality). In this research, economic, social, physical, environmental and management indicators and targeted sampling have been used. Structural equation analysis models, GBN scenario writing model, SWOT and QSPM have been used to analyze the data. The results of the research showed that among the 39 factors, 15 key factors play a role in the regeneration of the studied area, based on the importance and uncertainty of two economic and managerial factors, four scenarios were proposed, and to reach the golden scenario, the competitive strategy (ST) should be considered. By providing strategies for the preparation of a special plan for the historical contexts of the localities, creating investment for employment and the basis for the activities of NGOs, receiving special loans for reconstruction, and closely monitoring compliance with the rules and regulations of urban development, it is possible to recreate the sustainable contexts of the studied localities.
<strong>Extended Abstract</strong>
<strong>Introduction</strong>
The northern neighborhoods of the historical-cultural part of Tabriz city have a population of 21327 people and an area of 1163352 square meters, which still need to implement comprehensive and appropriate urban regeneration plans. Success in the implementation of urban regeneration plans, in addition to the determination of the responsible institutions, requires a comprehensive view of the plans and recognition of the value of the regions because only paying attention to one aspect of the dimensions of urban issues and the effects of the plans in the target neighborhoods will not guarantee their success. What has destroyed the stability of the historical-cultural texture of the northern neighborhoods is the need for a special historical-cultural texture plan that follows the rules and regulations of urban development, followed by random interventions that have caused the instability of the studied texture. Moreover, over many years, the density of the texture has increased, and the changes in land uses, especially the ignoring of valuable historical-cultural land uses, have added to the problems. As a result, the hierarchy of communication networks needs to respond to the current density and land uses.
If the current trends continue, the integrity of the historical-cultural textures of the northern part of Tabriz will gradually be lost with the change of livelihood methods. The resulting consequences and the failure to maintain the balance between the economic, social, and environmental aspects of these localities' historical and cultural texture and the localities' inefficiency will increase daily. Moreover, on the other hand, as long as projects lead to constructions that only respond to economic demands, the long-term needs of citizens should be addressed, and the chance to maintain and create livable neighborhoods and sustainable communities should be preserved. In this case, households with high financial power leave these neighborhoods as the main driver of urban development and regeneration. Finally, these neighborhoods lose their concept as a factor in establishing social identity, and the instability of the texture is intensified.
<strong>Methodology</strong>
In terms of its nature, the present research method is a combination of comparative-analytical methods, and in terms of its purpose, it is considered a part of applied research. The current article has two parts, including the review and analysis of the theoretical foundations and background of the research to identify dimensions and components, and the second part includes providing a process model using interpretive structural modeling. The obtained variables were analyzed through interviews with experts (university professors and administrators, municipal and housing experts related to urban regeneration). Finally, 39 variables were identified as factors affecting the instability of the northern neighborhoods of the historical-cultural textures of Tabriz city. In this study, the validity of the Questionnaire uses the variables of previous research under the supervision of experienced professors. Moreover, to measure the reliability of the questionnaire questions, Cronbach's alpha was used, in which Cronbach's alpha coefficient for all questionnaires was 0.807. Finally, the Questionnaire in the form of 39 *39 (1521 modes) was given to 15 experts and experts in the form of targeted sampling. The data used in this Questionnaire are quantitatively produced by Delphi weight. Then the points are entered into the cross-matrix to determine the influence and impact of each within the MIC MAC software framework. The propulsion agents then entered the GBN model for scenario writing and provided possible scenarios. Then, to formulate the Golden Scenario Strategies, based on the SWOT model, and finally, prioritize with the QSPM technique of strategies.
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<strong>Results and discussion</strong>
The relationship between 39 identified items affecting the future of the northern
neighborhoods of the historical-cultural texture of Tabriz city has been measured using the mutual effects matrix method and
by 15 experts. The amount of direct and indirect effects of variables has been done with the help of direct and indirect classification of variables according to their effectiveness and impressionability based on system logic and by the output of MIC MAC software. Based on this, 15 factors were identified in this research. After determining the importance and uncertainty scores, the importance-uncertainty matrix drawn as a result of the two factors of employment and the concentration of regeneration decisions in the country's center is the factor with the highest level of uncertainty and importance. Then the scenarios are determined. In this classification, paying attention to the rank and score of the desired uncertainty and the positive or negative situation considered in the scenario for each one is decisive. The golden scenario, i.e., the sustainable regeneration of the northern neighborhoods of the historical-cultural texture of Tabriz, will take place when the status of the economic factor (employment) is in a positive and growing trend, and the management method (efficient and collaborative management) is the factor. The disaster scenario will also happen in the opposite direction and against the golden scenario. The believable scenario is that the situation of the economic factor is with a negative trend and the management style moves towards management from the bottom to the top. In order to achieve the desired scenario, the SWOT analytical model has been selected. According to the final score of the internal and external factors in the reconstruction of the northern neighborhoods of the historical-cultural
texture, the strategic position is determined in the nine-house matrix of the site of
preservation and maintenance and in the square matrix in the third area, which ST strategies are chosen accordingly.
<strong>Conclusion</strong>
Considering the late approach of regeneration, the cohesion and continuity of the historical cores and the prosperity of the historical cores of the cities and paying attention to the urban cores as cultural heritage and protecting them for economic efficiency has played a significant role in the regeneration of these areas. Today, due to the lack of coordination in the elements of the planning system, the partial actions of institutions and enterprise orientation and the interference of their duties in the absence of a comprehensive view of urban planning have led to the ineffectiveness of the historical-cultural textures of cities. Meanwhile, the limitation of resources and time to fix the inefficiency has caused double challenges, which, undoubtedly, if there is no change in the current approach and procedures, a risky future can be considered.
<strong> </strong>
<strong>Funding</strong>
There is no funding support.
<strong> </strong>
<strong>Authors’ Contribution </strong>
All of the authors approved thecontent of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work.
<strong> </strong>
<strong>Conflict of Interest </strong>
Authors declared no conflict of interest.
<strong> </strong>
<strong>Acknowledgments</strong>
We are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper.
بازآفرینی شهری بهمنظور معکوس نمودن جریان تغییر و افت شهری هست. در بستر بازآفرینی شهری گونههای جدید سازمانی در حال شکلگیری هستند که هدف آنها نگاه توسعه از پایین به بالاست که در آنهمه کنشگران درگیر شده و این امر موجب توسعه راهحلهای پایدار در بلندمدت میشود. این پژوهش با هدف بازآفرینی پایدار محلات شمالی بافت تاریخی – فرهنگی شهر تبریز صورت گرفته است. روش پژوهش بر اساس ماهیت، تطبیقی- تحلیلی و از منظر هدف جزء تحقیقهای کاربردی محسوب میشود. متغیرهای استخراجشده از مبانی نظری، از طریق مصاحبه با 15 نفر از کارشناسان خبره (اساتید دانشگاه، متخصصان، مدیران و کارشناسان اداره مسکن و شهرسازی و شهرداری) موردبررسی قرار گرفت. در این پژوهش از شاخصهای اقتصادی، اجتماعی، کالبدی، زیستمحیطی و مدیریتی و نمونهگیری هدفمند استفادهشده است. جهت تجزیهوتحلیل دادهها از مدلهای تحلیل معادلات ساختاری، مدل سناریونویسی GBN، SWOT و QSPM بهره گرفتهشده است. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد که از بین 39 عامل 15 عامل کلیدی در بازآفرینی محدوده موردمطالعه نقش دارند که بر اساس اهمیت و عدم قطعیت دو عامل اقتصادی و مدیریتی چهار سناریو مطرح گردیده که برای رسیدن به سناریو طلایی باید راهبرد رقابتی (ST) موردتوجه قرار بگیرد و با ارائه راهبردهای تهیه طرح ویژه بافتهای تاریخی محلات، ایجاد سرمایهگذاری برای اشتغال و زمینه برای فعالیت NGO ها و کارهای دریافت وام ویژه بازآفرینی و نظارت دقیق بر رعایت قوانین و مقررات شهرسازی میتوان به بازآفرینی بافتهای پایدار محلات موردمطالعه اقدام نمود.https://jurbangeo.ut.ac.ir/article_90521_c12bef44285870f181f511479685ab57.pdfموسسه جغرافیاپژوهشهای جغرافیای برنامهریزی شهری2383-145610420230121Assessment of cultural ecosystem services in parks with different landscape Styles: The case study a urban parks of Tehranارزیابی ادراک خدمات فرهنگی اکوسیستم در پارکهایی با سبک منظرین متفاوت مطالعه موردی: پارکهای شهری تهران65838904510.22059/jurbangeo.2022.342946.1698FAزهراصادقیگروه معماری، دانشکده هنر، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایرانJournal Article20230114A B S T R A C T
"Cultural Ecosystem Services" in the parks include intangible benefits that people perceive subjectively. The research aims to investigate the relationship between the landscape style and the Cultural Ecosystem Services in different parks with a participative approach. The research is analytical-descriptive in terms of practical purpose and research method. For landscape objective-physical assessment, the method of Landscape Character Assessment is used, and for the perception of CES, a social survey was exerted. The statistical population includes visitors to Tehran's parks with different landscape styles. The sample size was estimated to be 400 people based on Morgan's table, and data was collected using the available sampling method (distribution of online questionnaires in social networks). Cultural Ecosystem Services are ranked in different parks using the Wilcoxon test in SPSS software. The results show the difference in prioritizing the perception of CES in parks with distinct landscape styles. Although recreation is the priority in all parks, and the sense of place and spiritual values are not well understood, in the park with a naturalistic style, a better understanding of the park's Cultural Ecosystem Services has taken place. Therefore, the naturalistic can provide the ground for the meaningful connection of people with the urban green space. The natural layer of the park with semi-dense vegetation, the layering of plants in different layers, and the predominance of the natural layer over the artificial layer of the parks are important factors of the naturalistic body.
<strong>Extended Abstract </strong>
<strong>Introduction</strong>
Parks, as the public urban green space, are one of the essential areas of urbanization. The main difference between parks and other urban public spaces is their natural environment. Parks provide places for human-nature communication in urban. "Cultural Ecosystem Services" in parks include intangible benefits that people perceive subjectively. CES has an impact on improving life quality. CES assessment is based on users' perceptions of the benefits of green spaces. Also, CES should be evaluated based on a specific site and green space. Landscape design will affect the perception of CES by changing the environment. There are areas for improvement in the Cultural Services (CS) studies and landscape design in Iran. Understanding how different types of landscapes in parks lead to diverse CS can go a long way in planning landscapes and enhancing the perception of park CS. The research investigates the relationship between the landscape style and the Cultural Ecosystem Services in different parks.
<strong>Methodology</strong>
According to the types of parks, the research selected parks with urban scale in Tehran. The priority for selecting parks was that parks had the same conditions in terms of management criteria like access, amenities, cleanliness, and security. The next point in choosing parks was to place them near each other to be similar in climate and geographical condition. Another essential point that we considered in the park selection is the physical design. According to the landscape design, parks with different styles were selected, which include parks; Taleghani, Melat, Ab & Atash, and the Iranian Garden in Tehran. We did landscape subjective assessment by the method of Landscape Character Assessment. A social survey was used to examine perceptions. It is a questionnaire that has been validated. The sample size was estimated based on Morgan's table, and the data were collected by the available
sampling method (distribution of online questionnaires on social networks). Ranking of CS agents in the different parks is done by Friedman and Wilcoxon test in SPSS software.
<strong> Results and discussion</strong>
According to the Friedman test, there was a significant difference in CS factors ranking in the park. Wilcoxon test was exerted to compare two-factor rankings. Results showed that there is a significant difference in the sense of place and inspiration (ps <0.05) in the Iranian Garden between the recreational factor and all other factors (cultural heritage, social awareness, sense of place, spirituality, and inspiration), cultural heritage, and sense of place, awareness and sense of place. In the Ab & Atash Park, the recreational factor and all other factors (cultural heritage, social, spiritual, sense of place, awareness, and inspiration), cultural heritage factor and spiritual factor, sense of place, awareness, and inspiration, social and spiritual factor, sense of place, awareness, and inspiration were significantly different (p<sub>s </sub><0.05). In Mellat Park, there was a significant difference between the recreational factor and all other factors (cultural heritage, social, awareness, inspirational, spiritual, and sense of place), cultural heritage factor and factors of awareness, inspiration, spiritual, and sense of place, social factor and factors of awareness, inspiration, spirituality, and sense of place, the factor of awareness and spiritual factor and the sense of place, inspiration and spiritual factor and sense of place factor (p<sub>s </sub><0.05). In Taleghani Park, there was a significant difference between the recreational factor and all other factors (cultural heritage, social, spiritual, awareness, inspiration, and sense of place), cultural heritage factor and spiritual factor, awareness, inspiration, and sense of place, social and spiritual factor, awareness, inspiration, and sense of place, the spiritual factor and sense of place (p<sub>s </sub><0.05). There was no significant difference between the mean rank of other factors (p<sub>s</sub> <0.05). In all parks, recreation is the priority of the respondents, but the
importance of the values of cultural services in different parks is various. In Taleghani Park and Mellat Park, the importance of other CS is much greater, and in addition to recreational and social values, values related to the spiritual connection with green space, such as inspiration and spiritual sense, are better understood. The main feature of Taleghani Park and Mellat Park in terms of design style is the naturalistic body of these two parks. The Iranian Garden is almost at the top in terms of recreation, but other CS (inspiration, cultural heritage, spiritual, awareness, and social values) have been perceived very poorly. People do not interact properly with the park. In Ab & Atash park, the sociality of the park is quite evident.
<strong>Conclusion</strong>
If CS is examined in two objective dimensions (recreational, social values, and cultural heritage) and subjective dimensions (inspirations, sense of place, and spiritual values). It is observed that subjective dimensions of CS significantly impact promoting a sense of well-being. Although subjective dimensions of CS are weak in all parks, in the park with natural bodies (Taleghani and Mellat) are strong. The natural layer provides a better platform for a meaningful relationship with nature. In this way, given the living conditions of urbanization, people also fully understand the need for natural environments. Semi-dense and layered vegetation and semi-open spaces, a variety of plants, arched paths that create a variety of landscapes, etc., create a favorable landscape for the promotion of CS. Complexity and naturalness are among the factors that make the landscape more suitable for communication with nature. Therefore, a natural layer can be more important than an artificial layer in park design. Also, creating a human activity environment in a natural layer leads to more event-oriented communication between users and the natural environment.
<strong>Funding</strong>
There is no funding support.
<strong>Authors’ Contribution</strong><strong> </strong>
All of the authors approved thecontent of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work.
<strong>Conflict of Interest</strong><strong> </strong>
Authors declared no conflict of interest.
<strong>Acknowledgments</strong>
We are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper.«خدمات فرهنگی اکوسیستم» در پارک شامل فواید غیرمادی است که مردم بهصورت ذهنی ادراک میکنند و در بهبود کیفیت زندگی شهرنشینی تأثیر دارد. این پژوهش قصد دارد با رویکرد مشارکتی ارتباط بین سبک طراحی منظر با خدمات فرهنگی پارک را بررسی نماید. پژوهش پیش رو از نظر هدف کاربردی و روش پژوهش از نوع تحلیلی-توصیفی است. برای ارزیابی کالبدی منظر از روش ارزیابی شخصیت منظر و برای ادراک خدمات فرهنگی از پیمایش اجتماعی استفاده میگردد. جامعه آماری شامل مراجعهکنندگان به پارکهایی با سبک منظرین متفاوت در شهر تهران هستند. حجم نمونه بر اساس جدول مورگان، ۴۰۰ نفر برآورد و با روش نمونهگیری در دسترس (توزیع پرسشنامههای آنلاین در شبکههای اجتماعی) اقدام به جمعآوری دادهها شد. رتبهبندی عوامل خدمات فرهنگی در پارکهای مختلف با آزمون ویلکاکسون در نرمافزار SPSS انجام میشود. نتایج نشاندهنده تفاوت در اولویتبندی ادراک خدمات فرهنگی در پارکهایی با سبک منظرین متمایز است. هر چند تفریح در همه پارکها اولویت اول استفادهکنندگان میباشد و حس مکان و ارزشهای معنوی بهخوبی در پارکها ادراک نشده است ولی در پارک با سبک طبیعتگرایانه ادراک بهتر خدمات فرهنگی پارک صورت گرفت است ازاینرو کالبد طبیعتگرایانه میتواند زمینه را برای ارتباط معنادار مردم با فضای سبز شهری فراهم کند. لایه طبیعی پارک با پوشش گیاهی نیمه متراکم، لایهبندی گیاهان در اشکوبهای مختلف و غلبه لایه طبیعی به لایه مصنوع پارک از عوامل مهم کالبد طبیعتگرایانه هستند. بهاینترتیب پژوهش حاضر گامهای نخستین را در راستای برنامهریزی منظر مبتنی بر ارتباط معنادار استفادهکنندگان با محیط برداشته است.https://jurbangeo.ut.ac.ir/article_89045_f0266ba62156eb62d79e2dec73b2cc50.pdfموسسه جغرافیاپژوهشهای جغرافیای برنامهریزی شهری2383-145610420230121Behavior assessment of Tehran citizens to participate in urban agriculture the Case of District 22 of Tehran cityرفتار سنجی شهروندان تهرانی برای مشارکت در انجام کشاورزی شهری مطالعه موردی: منطقه 22 شهر تهران851009090710.22059/jurbangeo.2023.343169.1699FAصدیقه الساداتحسینی مفردگروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایرانعنایتعباسیگروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایرانحسنصدیقیگروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایرانJournal Article20220827<strong>A B S T R A C T</strong>
Today, human food supply sources are threatened by various factors, such as the reduction of arable and fertile land on a local scale, the increasing dependence on fossil fuels for the production, processing and transportation of food on a global scale. Rethinking the process of production to consumption and self-sufficiency in meeting urban needs are among the solutions that emerge in the form of a new type of agriculture called urban agriculture. This research aimed to investigate the participation and factors affecting it for developing urban agriculture in Tehran city. The research was descriptive and correlational which was conducted through a survey method. Questionnaire was the main tool for data gathering which was validated using some agricultural extension and education experts’ points of view. Cronbach's alpha for different parts of the questionnaire was calculaed and were acceptable. According to the findings, all the variables, except the subjective norm, have an average more than moderate. The results of the correlation between the variables indicate that there is a positive and significant relationship between all variables and citizens’ behavior to participate in urban agriculture. According to the findings, among the studied variables, perceived behavioral control has the highest correlation and total causal effect, and then the intention has the highest total causal effect on citizens' behavior to participate in urban agriculture. According to the results, practical suggestions have been presented for extension and development of urban agriculture in Tehran city
<strong>Extended Abstarct</strong>
<strong>Introduction</strong>
With its relatively large geographical area and high population, Tehran faces challenges that require complete and comprehensive planning for development and management of the city.
Air and noise pollution, land use changes and unauthorized construction, structural challenges and wrong policies in the field of urban land transfer, increasing the amount of runoff from municipal waste and increasing the volume of municipal wastewater has endangered the health and quality of life of citizens in this metropolis. In order to provide a suitable solution to face the problems created in Tehran, the idea of urban agriculture as a suitable and sustainable strategy, can be used in various economic, environmental and social fields. Urban agriculture in general is the production of edible and non-edible plants and horticultural and livestock products in the city and its suburbs. The overall goal of urban agriculture is to respect the potential for healthy living and nature in the city, and to achieve this goal, three goals are pursued: improving and protecting the ecological structure of the land, recreating social participation, and the urban economy.
District 22 is known as one of the 22 districts as a tourism hub and area of sustainable urban development and has been selected as a pilot area for urban agriculture due to its open spaces and numerous forest parks. Then, this research aimed to investigate the participation and factors affecting it for developing urban agriculture in this district.
<strong> Methodology</strong>
This descriptive and correlational research was conducted through a survey method. The statistical population consisted of all citizens in district 22 of Tehran Municipality (N~ 560000). Using the Krejcie and Morgan’s table and simple random sampling method 384 people were selected as sample (n = 384) and finally 300 questionnaires were collected and analyzed. Questionnaire was the main tool for data gathering, which was validated using some agricultural extension and education experts’ points of view. Cronbach's alpha for different sections of the questionnaire was calculated between 0.84 and 0.92. Behavior, intention, attitude, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control are the main components of the questionnaire which have been measured based on the Ajzen’s theory of planned behavior. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software version 26. The statistics used in the descriptive statistics section are: central dispersion index (mean, frequency, percentage, minimum and maximum) and dispersion indices (standard deviation and coefficient of variation). In the inferential statistics section, according to the type of the data, Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients and in order to investigate the direct and indirect effects of the studied independent variables on the dependent variable, path analysis technique was used.
<strong> </strong><strong>Results and discussion</strong>
Regarding the level of familiarity with urban agriculture, about 17% of citizens stated that they are familiar and 83% stated that they are not familiar with this type of agriculture. Comparison of information sources of familiarity with urban agriculture indicates that from viewpoints of the first group familiarity with people who had experience in urban agriculture and watching TV programs mentioned as the first and second priorities of their familiarity with this type of agriculture. The second group mentioned watching TV and questions from those who have experience in this type of agriculture as their sources of information for familiarity with urban agriculture.
The mean of the main variables (behavior, intention, attitude, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control) indicates that except for subjective norms, all other variables have a mean more the average (3). The results showed that there were positive and significant relationship between all main variables. According to the findings, among the studied variables, perceived behavioral control has the highest correlation and total causal effect, and then the intention has the highest total causal effect on citizens' behavior to participate in urban agriculture.
<strong> Conclusion</strong>
Despite the role of attitude and perceived behavioral control, the role of citizens' subjective norms in motivating them to engage in urban agriculture is low evaluated. This means that the role of both citizen’s past experiences and those around them in motivating them to engage in urban agriculture are small. The perceived behavior control variable has the greatest causal effect on the citizens' motivation to participate in urban agriculture. According to the Ajzen's theory of planned behavior perceived behavioral control consists of three sub-components: self-efficacy, facilitation and access to resources. In fact, citizens decide on the actual behavior according to their abilities and self-reliance, as well as the available conditions and available facilities. According to the information obtained from the study area, it is suggested that in order to develop urban agriculture in District 22 and to stimulate the intention of the citizens to participate in doing urban agriculture, the conditions for access to facilities and resources should be provided.
<strong>Funding</strong>
There is no funding support.
<strong> </strong>
<strong>Authors’ Contribution</strong><strong> </strong>
All of the authors approved thecontent of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work.
<strong>Conflict of Interest</strong><strong> </strong>
Authors declared no conflict of interest.
<strong>Acknowledgments</strong>
We are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper.امروزه منابع تأمینکننده غذای بشر توسط عوامل گوناگونی از قبیل کاهش زمینهای قابل کشت و حاصلخیز در مقیاس محلی، وابستگی روزافزون به سوختهای فسیلی برای تولید، فرآوری و حملونقل مواد غذایی در مقیاس جهانی مورد تهدید قرارگرفته است. بازاندیشی در روند تولید به مصرف و خودکفایی در رفع نیازهای شهری ازجمله راهحلهایی است که در قالب نوع جدیدی از کشاورزی بهنام کشاورزی شهری ظهور مییابد. هدف از این مطالعه بررسی مشارکت و عوامل تأثیرگذار بر آن در جهت توسعه کشاورزی شهری در شهر تهران بود. این پژوهش از نوع توصیفی ـ همبستگی بود و به روش پیمایشی انجامشده است. برای جمعآوری دادهها از پرسشنامه محقق ساخته استفاده شد. گروهی از کارشناسان شهرداری تهران و تعدادی از اعضای هیئتعلمی ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی روایی پرسشنامه را تأیید کردند. ضریب پایایی برای بخشهای گوناگون پرسشنامه با انجام آزمون پیشاهنگی محاسبه و مقدار قابلقبول به دست آمد. بر اساس یافتههای تحقیق، میانگین همه متغیرها بهجز هنجار ذهنی بالاتر از حد متوسط میباشد. نتایج همبستگی بین متغیرها حاکی از آن است که بین همه متغیرها با رفتار شهروندان برای انجام کشاورزی شهری رابطه مثبت و معنیداری وجود دارد. از میان متغیرهای بررسیشده، کنترل رفتار ادراکشده دارای بیشترین همبستگی و اثر علی کل، و بعدازآن تمایل دارای بیشترین اثر علی کل بر رفتار شهروندان برای مشارکت در کشاورزی شهری میباشد. با توجه به نتایج تحقیق، پیشنهادهایی کاربردی در راستای ترویج و توسعه کشاورزی شهری در شهر تهران ارائه شد است.https://jurbangeo.ut.ac.ir/article_90907_90859c263c6f6b0674bee60c0235ad88.pdfموسسه جغرافیاپژوهشهای جغرافیای برنامهریزی شهری2383-145610420230121Spatio-temporal analysis of fire accidents in Ardabil in 2015-2019تحلیل فضایی زمانی سوانح آتشسوزی در سطح شهر اردبیل در دوره زمانی سالهای 1394-13981011179101310.22059/jurbangeo.2023.348371.1732FAحسنمحمودزادهگروه جغرافیا و برنامهریزی شهری، دانشکده برنامهریزی محیطی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریزسپیدهنوریگروه جغرافیا و برنامهریزی شهری، دانشکده علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیلعلیرضامحمدیگروه جغرافیا و برنامهریزی شهری، دانشکده علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیلJournal Article20220827A B S T R A C T
The article has studied the fire incidents that happened in Ardabil city during the five-year period of 1394-1398 with the approach of time-space analysis. In order to reduce the risks and damages caused by fire for citizens, it is necessary to adopt preventive measures and optimal allocation of resources, space-time analyzes of this phenomenon. The number of 2894 fire incidents have been mapped and analyzed in terms of time, space. Radar charts in Excel and spatio-temporal analysis techniques in the geographic information system (GIS) environment have been used to perform the desired analysis. Important parameters such as the date and time of the accidents, the number of dead and injured, and the address of the place of the accidents, have been used for analysis.The study shows that the Spatio-temporal patterns of fires vary depending on the time, types and causes. The results show that most fires occur in residential units and open and green spaces, the most common causes of which are intentional arson and vandalism. The peak of fires is right in the afternoon, at 13:00, and on Tuesdays, Thursdays and Fridays, and in the fourth week of each month, they have the highest frequency of fires. According to this study, summer has the highest number of fires. The pattern of spatial distribution is cluster type and the intensity of fire incidents is higher in the central parts of the suburbs. In addition, the results of cluster analysis show that in the study area, fire incidents with large amounts or it is rarely accumulated in the form of hot or cold clusters. Finally, based on the research findings, suggestions for improving the management and prevention of fire accidents are presented.
<strong>Extended Abstract</strong>
<strong>Introduction</strong>
In order to face the problems, threats and damages caused by urban structural fire incidents, it is necessary to investigate, recognize, analyze and interpret the reasons and their temporal and spatial dynamics. Analyzing the space-time patterns of fire incidents is one of the important steps in the prevention and reduction of damages and crisis management. This recognition requires the use of appropriate tools such as GIS and space-time analyzes in GIS, which help decision makers to improve their resource allocation by recognizing critical areas and distribution patterns of fire incidents, and make appropriate decisions for incident management and crisis management. This research has been conducted with the aim of analyzing spatio-temporal fire patterns by considering the types, location, time and causes using the city of Ardabil as a case study. Therefore, conducting this research can be used to prevent damages and risks caused by fire. The main goal of this research is the spatial and temporal analysis of fire incidents in Ardabil city. We have tried to find answers to these questions: 1- What are the main causes of fire incidents? What is the hourly, daily and monthly pattern of fire incidents distribution? Which areas of the city have the highest spatial density of fire incidents? Which areas of the city have a critical situation in terms of accidents? What is the spatial distribution of fire incidents (regular, scattered, clustered)?
<strong>Methodology</strong>
The data used in this research includes 2,894 incidents that were collected from April 1, 2014 to April 29, 2018 by the fire department and security services of Ardabil municipality. The data were recorded traditionally and manually, and therefore, in the first step, these data were entered into the EXCEL software. Important parameters such as the date and time of the accidents, the number of dead and injured and the address of the place of the accidents have been used for analysis. Therefore, three categories of related techniques have been used for space-time analysis. The first category is the radar charts for the temporal analysis of fires. The second category is the multi-distance spatial cluster analysis technique to determine the spatial distribution pattern. From the third category, the kernel density estimation technique is selected to determine and identify the critical zones, and the hot spot technique is chosen to analyze clusters and non-clusters as well. It has been used to help identify neighborhoods and areas with the highest concentration or the lowest concentration of incidents.
<strong>Results and discussion</strong>
The study shows that the spatio-temporal patterns of fire are different depending on the time, their types and causes. The results show that most of the fires happened in residential units (888 cases) and open and green spaces (565 cases), the most common cause of which is deliberate arson and vandalism with 44.47%. According to this study, summer has the highest number of fire incidents. The pattern of spatial distribution is of cluster type and the density of fire incidents is higher in the central parts and spots of the outskirts of the city. In addition, the results of the cluster analysis show that fire incidents with high value (194.54) or low value (0.0) are significantly accumulated in the studied area in the form of hot or cold clusters.
<strong>Conclusion</strong>
The analysis of the intensity of the spatial density of fires using the Kernel method showed that the intensity of the spatial density of fires is completely different and dynamic based on the cause of the fires. For example, while accidents caused by deliberate and vandalistic actions are scattered throughout the city, accidents caused by children's play are more concentrated in the central part of the city. In addition, the results of the hot spot method showed that the spatial distribution pattern of fires in Ardabil city is of high cluster type. That each group of fires formed a spatial clustering according to the type and cause of the fires. The concentration intensity of this clustering is high in some areas and low in others. The most important clusters have been formed in the central, northern and southern areas of the city.
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<strong>Funding</strong>
There is no funding support.
<strong>Authors’ Contribution</strong><strong> </strong>
All of the authors approved thecontent of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work.
<strong>Conflict of Interest</strong><strong> </strong>
Authors declared no conflict of interest.
<strong>Acknowledgments</strong>
We are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper.رویکرد پژوهش تحلیل فضا زمانی، حوادث آتشسوزی اتفاق افتاده در شهر اردبیل را طی دوره پنجساله 1394-1398 موردمطالعه قرار داده است. برای کاهش خطرات و آسیبهای ناشی از آتشسوزی برای شهروندان، اتخاذ اقدامات پیشگیرانه و اختصاص بهینه منابع، تحلیلهای فضا زمانی این پدیده، ضروری است. تعداد 2894 مورد حادثه آتشسوزی، ازنظر زمانی، فضایی، نقشهبرداری و تحلیلشدهاند. از نمودارهای راداری در اکسل و فنون تحلیل فضا- زمانی در محیط سامانه اطلاعات جغرافیای (GIS) برای انجام تحلیلهای موردنظر استفادهشده است. پارامترهای مهمی مانند تاریخ و زمان وقوع حوادث، تعداد فوتشدگان و مصدومان و آدرس محل وقوع حوادث، برای تحلیل استفادهشده است. مطالعه نشان میدهد که الگوهای فضایی-زمانی آتشسوزی بسته به زمان، انواع و علل آنها متفاوت است. نتایج نشان میدهد که بیشتر آتشسوزیها در واحدهای مسکونی با (888 مورد) و فضاهای باز و سبز (565 مورد) اتفاق افتاده است که بیشترین عامل وقوع آنها آتش زدن عمدی و وندالیسم با 47/44 درصد میباشد. اوج آتشسوزی درست بعدازظهر، ساعت 13:00 و روزهای سهشنبه، پنجشنبه و جمعه و در هفته چهارم هرماه بالاترین فراوانی آتشسوزی رادارند طبق این مطالعه، تابستان دارای بیشترین تعداد حوادث آتشسوزی است. الگوی پراکنش فضایی، از نوع خوشهای بوده و شدت تراکم حوادث آتشسوزی در بخشهای مرکزی و لکههایی از حاشیه شهر بیشتر است همچنین نتایج تحلیل خوشهها نشان میدهد بهطور قابلتوجهی در محدوده موردمطالعه حوادث آتشسوزی با ارزش زیاد (54/194) و یا ارزش کم (0/0) بهصورت خوشههای داغ و یا سرد تجمع یافته است در پایانبر مبنای یافتههای پژوهش، پیشنهادهایی برای بهبود مدیریت و پیشگیری از حوادث آتشسوزی ارائهشدهاند.https://jurbangeo.ut.ac.ir/article_91013_b1dc57077cc0089233a7bfa692669c59.pdfموسسه جغرافیاپژوهشهای جغرافیای برنامهریزی شهری2383-145610420230121Spatial analysis of resilience against natural hazards with an emphasis on floods The Case study of districts of district one of Tehran cityتحلیل فضایی تاب آوری در برابر مخاطرات طبیعی با تأکید بر سیل مطالعه موردی: نواحی منطقه یک شهر تهران1191339146110.22059/jurbangeo.2023.351188.1758FAرسولافسریگروه شهرسازی، دانشکده پدافند غیرعامل، دانشگاه عالی دفاع ملی، تهران، ایرانمحمد سیناشهسواریگروه جغرافیای انسانی، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایرانJournal Article20220827A B S T R A C T
Flood risk is a multidimensional concept related to uncertainty and complexity. In urban areas, flood risk assessment is still challenging because flood risk analysis is usually not conducted in the combination of social and economic impacts, but exclusively in assessing economic damages that can be measured financially. Flood management involves reducing the effects and risks, but eliminating the effects and risks is almost impossible. The reason for this is our financial limitations and limited knowledge of us humans. One of the ways to reduce the effects of risks is resilience. Based on this, the main goal of this research is to identify the spatial distribution of the state of strength in the districts of the first district of Tehran. Therefore, to achieve the goal, the fuzzy method was used in GIS software. The results of the final index of resilience show that the first region, especially the south and the centre, had the best conditions. Areas 4 and 5 also had suitable conditions in their vicinity, but in comparison with the area, their area was less than one level in the category with suitable conditions. In general, these three regions (1, 4 and 5) formed a continuous pole. After District 1, District 6 had the best situation. Unlike area 1, the influence area of this area does not form a continuous area in other areas and only includes the area of area 6. Also, in general, the western areas (2, 3, 7 and 8) were somewhat worse than the eastern areas
<strong>Extended Abstract</strong>
<strong>Introduction:</strong>
Cities are dynamic systems resulting from the interaction of humans and the natural environment over time, and they need balance to maintain, evolve and develop. Any imbalance in the systems within the city (spaces and urban texture) and the systems outside the city (near and far Peri-urban and regional arenas) cause its instability. From earthquakes to floods, massive migrations to cyber-attacks, all cities are faced with a range of shocks and pressures (natural and human) which are considered as factors of instability of cities. The occurrence of these devastating disasters highlights the importance of creating an urban resilience system. Resilience is an approach in which the tolerance capacity and stability of conditions against accidents, threats and challenges are evaluated. One of the advantages of planning for urban resilience is that there is no need to focus on a specific model. Resilience in the form of flexibility allows it to respond and adapt according to the conditions of each city and its development plans. This issue causes intellectual creativity to be created to think of different ways of acquiring resilience, without being limited in a specific framework.
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<strong>Methodology</strong>
The current research is applied in terms of its purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of its method. After collecting the investigated indicators from the relevant institutions such as Iran Statistics Center and Tehran Municipality Information Technology Organization, according to their unit difference from each other, all the indicators were standardized according to their positive or negative. In the next step, the sub-indices of each of the dimensions were combined with each other through linear summation and the resilience index was obtained in each of the three dimensions. Then, the final index of resilience was obtained through the combination of three dimensions of resilience. On the other hand, the total score of three sub-indices (the distance from the river, the permeability of the land, and the slope) was determined under the title of the flood hazard probability index. Finally, through the geographic weighted regression model, the spatial influence of the final index of resilience in reducing the risk was obtained in each of the ten investigated areas.
<strong> </strong>
<strong>Result and Discussion</strong>
Based on the flood risk index, it can be said that the eastern districts have a much better situation than the western districts, so that the districts 2 and 7 did not have favorable conditions in terms of any of the risk sub-indices, and accordingly, they were placed in the lowest category and the possibility of flood risk is very high in them. In other words, most of the area of these districts, in addition to the short distance from the river, had a high slope and most of them were built and considered impenetrable.
According to the economic resilience index, it can be said that district 10 had the most unfavorable situation. After that, districts 6 and 4 had an unfavorable situation. This is while Darabad River passes around these districts. Districts 5, 3 and 8 had average status. Districts 3 and 8 are near the Golabdareh River and district 5 is near the Darabad River. Districts 2, 7 and 9 are in good condition despite the fact that the river passed through them and they are subject to flooding. Finally, like its situation in all economic sub-indices, District 1 had the most appropriate situation in its final index as well.
According to the social resilience index, most of the studied districts had an average status; So that districts 6, 5 and 9 in the east of the region where the Darabad River passes through them and districts 2 and 7 where the Golabdareh and Darband rivers pass through them all had average status. Districts 8 and 3 (affected by Golabdareh River) were in very unsuitable and unsuitable conditions, respectively. Districts 4 and 10, where a river does not pass near them, were in good and very good condition. The results of this index show that the districts at risk had low resilience, and on the contrary, the districts that were further away from the source of risk, had much better conditions in the field of social resilience.
According to the final index of physical resilience, it can be said that the eastern districts 6 and 10 (under the influence of the Darabad River) and the western district 7 (under the influence of the Golabdareh River) had the most suitable conditions. After them, district 9 alone was placed in the next category. Districts 4 and 8 were also in the center of the region had average status; although no river passes through them, they are located between two rivers, Golabdareh and Darabad. District 2, in the westernmost position of the region (under the influence of the Darband River), had unsuitable conditions. The worst situation was related to the district next to it, i.e., district 3, through which the Golabdareh River passes. In general, it can be said that districts 2 and 3 did not have suitable conditions despite the river passing through them, but districts 6, 7 and 9 had much better conditions despite the river passing through them.
The results of the geographically weighted regression show that according to the location of the rivers, the slope of the land and its permeability in the districts of the region one, as well as the resilience of the districts, the western districts have more unsuitable conditions than the eastern districts and the resilience index has low and very low impact when the hazard occurs; Because in addition to the fact that most of the districts of this part had unsuitable resilience, they also had very unsuitable conditions in terms of the sub indicators of flood risk. On the contrary, in the eastern districts, even if the districts had an unsuitable situation in terms of risk indicators, instead they had good resilience conditions.
<strong> </strong>
<strong>Conclusion</strong>
Most cities are places of high population density and man-made phenomena; for this reason, if there is no preparation to deal with disasters, in the disasters time, they will face many human and financial losses. Therefore, what is discussed today in the urban management is the resilience of cities, which is very important because it can easily affect the life of a city.
The final resilience index determined that most districts (2, 4, 5 and 10) had moderate conditions. No river passes through any of the mentioned districts, except for district 2, where the Darband River passes. District 8 in the center of the region, which is very close to Golabdareh River, had unfavorable conditions. The eastern districts 6 and 9 (under the influence of Darabad River) and the western district 7 (under the influence of Golabdareh river) had suitable conditions. district 1, despite being located in the center of the region and no river passing through it or not located at a very short distance from it, had an unfavorable resilience situation.
<strong>Funding</strong>
There is no funding support.
<strong>Authors’ Contribution </strong>
All of the authors approved thecontent of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work.
<strong>Conflict of Interest </strong>
Authors declared no conflict of interest.
<strong>Acknowledgments</strong>
We are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper.خطر سیل یک مفهوم چندبعدی مربوط به عدم اطمینان و پیچیدگی است. در مناطق شهری ارزیابی خطر سیل هنوز چالشبرانگیز است زیرا تجزیهوتحلیل خطر سیل معمولاً در ترکیب اثرات اجتماعی و اقتصادی مشترکاً انجام نمیشود، اما منحصراً در ارزیابی خسارتهای اقتصادی از نظر مالی قابلاندازهگیری است. مدیریت سیلاب متضمن کاهش اثرات و خطرات است، اما حذف اثرات و خطرات تقریباً ناممکن است. دلیل این امر، محدودیتهای مالی و دانش محدود و اندک ما انسانها است. یکی از راهکارهای کاهش اثرات در برابر مخاطرات، تاب آوری است. بر همین اساس هدف اصلی این پژوهش شناسایی پراکنش فضایی وضعیت تاب آوری در نواحی منطقه یک شهر تهران است. لذا برای دستیابی به هدف از روش فازی در نرمافزار GIS استفاده شد. نتایج شاخص نهایی تاب آوری نشان میدهد که ناحیه یک بالأخص جنوب و مرکز آن دارای بهترین شرایط بودند. نواحی 4 و 5 نیز در مجاورت آن دارای شرایط مناسبی بودند، اما در مقایسه با ناحیه یکمیزان کمتری از مساحت آنها در دسته با شرایط مناسب قرار میگرفت. بهطورکلی این سه ناحیه (1، 4 و 5) یکقطب بههمپیوسته را تشکیل داده بودند. بعد از ناحیه 1، ناحیه 6 دارای بهترین وضعیت بود. حوزه نفوذ این ناحیه برخلاف ناحیه 1 یک محدوده بههمپیوسته را در سایر نواحی تشکیل نداده و صرفاً محدوده ناحیه 6 را شامل میشود. همچنین بهطورکلی نواحی غربی (2، 3، 7 و 8) تا حدی دارای وضعیت نامناسبتری نسبت به نواحی شرقی بودند.https://jurbangeo.ut.ac.ir/article_91461_9e29de5163972ac098376b035fd3cf67.pdfموسسه جغرافیاپژوهشهای جغرافیای برنامهریزی شهری2383-145610420230121Conceptual explanation and presentation of urban diplomacy model in urban networksتبیین مفهومشناختی و ارائه الگوی دیپلماسی شهری در شبکههای شهری1351589148610.22059/jurbangeo.2023.354136.1781FAمهساامیریگروه شهرسازی، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران، تهران، ایراناحمدخلیلیگروه شهرسازی، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران، تهران، ایرانمجیدمفیدی شمیرانیگروه شهرسازی، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران، تهران، ایرانJournal Article20230121The formation of successful examples of urban unions, such as the Union of Mediterranean, Baltic cities, etc., by benefiting from the tool of city diplomacy, has led to the development of cities and has a special effect on the international activities of cities, this research has been carried out with the aim of explaining the conceptual understanding of city diplomacy and presenting the general pattern of urban networks in the world by using the descriptive-analytical method. In this regard, by using reliable sources and articles and examining successful experiences in this field, various types of city diplomacy, the levels, and cooperation system of city diplomacy, along with the extraction of its most important dimensions and indicators, have been examined and finally the General model of city diplomacy is presented. The findings of the research show that city diplomacy has been carried out in two ways, bilateral and multilateral, on both regional and global scales, and many actors are involved in realizing its goals. Among the 32 indicators extracted from various research studies and experiences, the most important indicators are the membership index in international organizations and forums, followed by the two indicators of the memorandum of understanding of sustainable development and the exchange of knowledge and services, which can be used for case studies in different regions of the world, and with the help of these indicators, it is possible to examine the capacities of forming urban unions and joining them in a region.با ظهور جهانیشدن معاصر ، شهرها بیش از گذشته در عرصهی فراملی نقش خود را برجسته نموده و در راستایدستیابی به منافع گوناگونبه گسترشتعاملات سازندهبا تقویت دیپلماسی شهری روی آوردهاند .شکلگیری نمونههای موفقی از اتحادیههای شهری نظیر اتحادیه شهرهای مدیترانه، بالتیک و ... با بهرهمندی از ابزار دیپلماسی شهری توسعهی شهرها را در پی داشته و اثرگذاری ویژهای بر فعالیتهای بینالمللی بهویژه صلح، همگرایی و همافزایی شهرها داشته است. با چنین رویکردی، این پژوهش با هدف تبیین مفهومشناختی دیپلماسی شهری و ارائه الگوی عام شبکههای شهری در جهانبا بهرهمندی از روش توصیفی – تحلیلی صورت گرفته است. در این راستا بااستفاده از منابع و مقالات معتبرو بررسی تجارب موفق در این زمینه گونههای مختلف دیپلماسی شهری، سطوح و نظام همکاری دیپلماسی شهری همراه با استخراج مهمترین ابعاد و شاخصهای آن مورد بررسی قرار گرفته و در نهایت الگوی عام دیپلماسی شهری ارائه گردیده است. یافتههای تحقیق نشان میدهد که دیپلماسی شهری به دو شکل دو جانبه و چندجانبه و در دو مقیاس منطقهای و جهانی صورت گرفته و کنشگران متعددی در تحقق اهداف آن دخیلاند. در میان 32 شاخص استخراج گردیده از مطالعات و تجربیات مختلف تحقیق،مهمترین شاخصها، شاخص عضویت در سازمانها و مجامع بینالمللی و پس از آندو شاخص یادداشت تفاهم توسعة پایدار و تبادل دانش و خدمات میباشدکه برای مطالعات موردی در مناطق مختلف جهان قابل استفاده بوده و بهکمک این شاخصها میتوان ظرفیتهای شکلدهی به اتحادیههای شهری و پیوستن به آنها را در یک منطقه مورد بررسی قرار داد.https://jurbangeo.ut.ac.ir/article_91486_3427dc90b096dd855f7399efe7a97be6.pdfموسسه جغرافیاپژوهشهای جغرافیای برنامهریزی شهری2383-145610420230121Evaluating the Effectiveness and Efficiency of Public Participation Processes in Urban Management Decision-making; Examining the Experience of the “Arezoo-haye Tehran” Campaignارزیابی اثربخشی و کارایی فرایندهای مشارکت عمومی در تصمیمسازیهای مدیریت شهری؛ بررسی تجربه پویش آرزوهای تهران1591789107210.22059/jurbangeo.2023.349739.1746FAمجتبیشیرخدائیگروه برنامهریزی شهری، دانشکده شهرسازی، پردیس هنرهای زیبا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایرانمرجانشرفیگروه طراحی شهری، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه هنر، تهران، ایرانJournal Article20220828 A B S T R A C T
Over the past few years, urban planners and managers have increasingly realized the importance of citizens' participation in urban planning and management. They have taken steps to make participation closer from theory to practice. Although many of these efforts have yet to be very successful, it is essential to evaluate participatory processes to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of public participation. In order to achieve more efficient participatory processes in the path of good urban governance, this study evaluates the "Arezoohaye Tehran" campaign as a public participation process to evaluate the impact of such processes on citizens' trust, with a particular focus on electronic participation. In this research, the qualitative approach is employed, and to evaluate the campaign, it has attempted to utilize the experience and perspectives of a variety of actors who have participated in this process, so several in-depth semi-structured interviews have been conducted with city managers, experts, and social activists involved in the project. Additionally, the messages of virtual networks have been analyzed to understand the experiences of citizens participating in this project. Qualitative content analysis and coding methods have been used to analyze the content of interviews and messages on virtual networks. The findings of this research show that pessimism and mistrust of citizens towards public and government institutions and the lack of a suitable environment and preparation for interaction are among the prerequisites for the failure of the campaign, inconsistency between the executive bodies during the process and the lack of mutual learning and not reaching a collective agreement as a result of the process. The dreams of Tehran are considered.
<strong>Extended Abstract</strong>
<strong>Introduction</strong>
Over the past few years, urban planners and managers have become increasingly aware of the importance of citizen participation in urban planning and management. This realization has created a new urban management paradigm, especially since 1990. Many attempts have been made to bring participation closer to practice. However, many of these efforts have not been very successful; in some cases, participation is done only to increase public trust, pretend, and gather public information rather than genuinely seek public views. Therefore, it is important to evaluate the collaborative processes and check their effectiveness and efficiency in practice to derive their strengths and weaknesses. Reviewing the background of the research that has been conducted in this field, one asserts that the research on the evaluation of participatory processes has not been developed as much as other research fields on this topic. The majority of evaluations have not provided the evidence needed by decision-makers to assess the effectiveness of public interventions. Part of the difficulty of evaluating participation processes is due to vague and contradictory terms used to describe and classify public intervention methods and conditions and contexts in which they are implemented. The other part is due to different goals, expectations, and evaluations of different stakeholders. Although some formal evaluation of how exercises are conducted and measuring their impact on policy and social trust is necessary; because of the existence of some tokenistic participatory processes, In this regard, this study evaluated the “Arezoohaye Tehran” campaign as one of the actions and projects carried out in recent years to provide a foundation for citizens’ participation in decision-making and to increase citizens’ trust in urban managers, which naturally produced varying results. Also, to fill the gap in research conducted in the field of participation, citizenship trust, and their interactions, And it has also measured the extent to which this campaign has achieved its goals.
<strong> </strong>
<strong>Methodology</strong>
The approach of this research in terms of data collection techniques is qualitative and its external goal is included in the category of applied research. In terms of internal purpose, it is included in the category of descriptive research. Based on indicators extracted from theoretical bases, it was attempted to evaluate this process from the perspective of various groups involved in the process. For this reason, to obtain the perspectives and experiences of different groups of actors who have been involved in the campaign concerning the process and result of the “Arezoohaye Tehran” campaign, in addition to studying documentation made from it, interviews have been used as the main method of data collection. The interview section was conducted in-depth and semi-structured according to the indicators extracted from the theoretical base with several urban managers, experts, and social activists who have been involved in this project. The selection of participants has been purposeful. Because it was not possible to examine the experiences of people who participated in the campaign, and in order to have proper access to the views and experiences of citizens and project participants, the content of messages on Twitter and Instagram (as social networks) was analyzed. Qualitative content analysis and coding at three levels of abstraction were used to analyze the content of conducted interviews and messages collected from social networks.
<strong> </strong>
<strong>Results and Discussion</strong>
By comparing and matching the collected data in the research with the presented theoretical framework, it is possible to achieve a proper assessment of the effectiveness of the “Arezoohaye Tehran” campaign, which can strengthen future processes and enhance similar actions. This research has investigated the “Arezoohaye Tehran” campaign in three stages: the prerequisite of the process or starting point, the path or during the process, and the endpoint or the result. The findings of this study show that in the prerequisites of the process: incorrect choice of target group, a lack of theoretical and empirical support for the campaign, a digital divide, citizens’ pessimism and mistrust of public institutions and government institutions, lack of suitable spaces and lack of preparation for interaction of citizens and urban management, and during the process: inconsistency between executive institutions, deviation of the campaign from its main goals, predominance of top-down look, the negative influence of the campaign from the external environment, absolute demands from urban management, inappropriate timing of the campaign and the inability to create citizens’ inclusive participation and finally in outcome of the process: failure to continue the campaign, the lack of mutual interaction, lack of social learning, low effectiveness of the campaign, not building a public consensus and weakness of campaign in building trust considered as some of failure factors of the “Arezoohaye Tehran” campaign.
<strong> </strong>
<strong>Conclusion</strong>
Some weaknesses of the campaign, such as the political conditions of the whole country and the COVID-19 pandemic, have been inevitable, but by responding appropriately to those conditions, it could be possible to decrease the limitations and weaknesses caused by these conditions. Despite the limitations mentioned previously, among the strengths of this campaign, it can be mentioned that this campaign was completed at the local phase, unlike many other projects, because many local and urban projects have been abandoned before reaching significant results, whereas the “Arezoohaye Tehran” has achieved practical and beneficial results at least at its local level. The organizations affiliated with the Tehran municipality have been compared to an archipelago that formed a whole and at the same time had no connection with each other, thereby the strength of the campaign lies in the effort to establish coordination among the organizations associated with the municipality.
<strong> </strong>
<strong>Funding</strong>
There is no funding support.
<strong> </strong>
<strong>Authors’ Contribution</strong>
All of the authors approved the content of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work.
<strong> </strong>
<strong>Conflict of Interest</strong>
The authors declared no conflict of interest.
<strong> </strong>
<strong>Acknowledgments</strong>
We are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper.
<strong> </strong>
<strong> </strong>در سالهای اخیر برنامهریزان و مدیران شهری بیشازپیش متوجه اهمیت مشارکت شهروندان در فرایند مدیریت و برنامهریزی شهری شده و تلاشهای بسیاری برای نزدیکتر کردن مشارکت از نظریه به عمل کردهاند. این در حالی است که بسیاری از این تلاشها، چندان موفق نبودهاند؛ لذا ارزیابی فرایندهای مشارکتی بسیار اهمیت دارد و میتواند به کارایی و اثربخشی بیشتر مشارکت عمومی در عمل بینجامد. ازاینرو این پژوهش به ارزیابی پویش آرزوهای تهران بهعنوان یک فرایند مشارکت عمومی میپردازد، تا از خلال آن بتوان به فرایندهای مشارکتی کاراتر در مسیر حکمروایی خوب شهری با توجه به تأثیر چنین فرایندهایی بر اعتماد شهروندان با تمرکز بر فرایندهای مشارکت الکترونیکی دستیافت. رویکرد این پژوهش کیفی است و برای ارزیابی این پویش سعی شده است از تجربه و دیدگاه کنشگران مختلف این فرایند استفاده شود، ازاینرو تعدادی مصاحبه عمیق نیمه ساختاریافته با مدیران شهری، کارشناسان و فعالان اجتماعی درگیر با این پروژه صورت گرفته است. همچنین برای دسترسی نسبی به تجربه شهروندان مشارکتکننده در این پویش، پیامهای شبکههای مجازی نیز تحلیلشده است. برای تحلیل محتوای مصاحبهها و پیامها از شیوه تحلیل محتوای کیفی و کدگذاری استفادهشده است. یافتههای این پژوهش نشان میدهد که بدبینی و بیاعتمادی شهروندان نسبت به نهادهای عمومی و دولتی و نبود فضای مناسب و آمادگی برای تعامل از پیشنیازها، ناهماهنگی میان دستگاههای اجرایی در طول فرایند و نبود یادگیری متقابل و نرسیدن به توافق جمعی درنتیجه فرایند از عوامل ناکامی پویش آرزوهای تهران بهحساب میآید.https://jurbangeo.ut.ac.ir/article_91072_ce6605cad58daf9ae08e72440415de1b.pdfموسسه جغرافیاپژوهشهای جغرافیای برنامهریزی شهری2383-145610420230121Investigating the impact of smart growth on the quality of life the case study A District 8 of Mashhad Municipalityبررسی تأثیر رشد هوشمند بر کیفیت زندگی مطالعه موردی: منطقه 8 شهرداری مشهد1791969103510.22059/jurbangeo.2023.350501.1750FAفاطمهافکاری فرزقیگروه جغرافیا، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایرانروح اللهاسدیگروه جغرافیا، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایرانمحمدرحیمرهنماگروه جغرافیا، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایرانJournal Article20220828
A B S T R A C T
Cities are more dynamic when the smart growth of the city takes into account the well-being of human life in various directions; Therefore, by considering man as the axis of urban development, the importance of his quality of life stands out more. In fact, one of the main goals of urban planning is to achieve a quality urban living environment, which is possible through the implementation of smart growth indicators. The main goal of this research is to investigate the impact of smart growth on the quality of life of the residents of District 8 of Mashhad Municipality. The research method is descriptive-analytical using library sources and survey data (questionnaire). Also, using Cochran's formula, a statistical sample consisting of 382 residents of District 8 of Mashhad city has been studied.The collected data were checked through one-sample T-test and Spearman's correlation coefficient was used to analyze the effectiveness. For illustration, the results of the research using the IDW method are displayed on the maps, and the results show the favorable situation of the 8th region in terms of smart growth indicators with an average of 3.19 and quality of life with an average of 3.31. Also, there is a significant relationship between these two variables with a correlation coefficient of 0.311, which indicates the positive impact of smart growth on the quality of life; In other words, in neighborhoods that have favorable conditions in terms of smart growth indicators, residents are more satisfied with the quality of life in those neighborhoods
<strong>Extended Abstract</strong>
<strong>Introduction</strong>
The excessive concentration of the population and the increase of interactions and activities in the cities have caused an increase in environmental problems, pressure on the urban environment, an increase in class differences and injustice in the access of different social groups to resources and facilities, and finally, in addition to construction without Unprincipled planning has also transformed the spatial construction of the city. Therefore, the necessity of creating a model of smart growth was considered by urban managers and planners, so that by using the solutions of this model, a step can be taken in the direction of reducing scattered urban growth and increasing the quality of urban life. Paying attention to the physical environment of the city by managers and planners, as well as organizing it, plays an important role in improving the quality of human life. In Iran, from the 1340s onwards, the population of cities grew due to high natural growth and migrations from villages to cities, and the urban body expanded based on the land market. On this basis and considering the lack of control in the overall development of Iranian cities, this problem has become more apparent and always requires the evaluation of urban development plans. Therefore, in this research, the main goal is to investigate the impact of smart growth indicators on the quality of life in the 8th district of Mashhad and to what extent it has helped to improve the quality of life of the residents of the region in terms of physicality. It should be noted that in order to achieve the main goal, the following goals have been considered:
Investigating the status of smart growth indicators (compression and access) in region 8
Investigating the quality of life in region 8
<strong> </strong>
<strong>Methodology</strong>
The current research has a practical purpose and according to the means of achieving these goals, it is descriptive / analytical based on documentary library studies and field survey. Cochran's formula was used to determine the appropriate sample size (statistical population). The statistical population of this research is residents of District 8 of Mashhad Municipality. In order to check the validity of the questionnaire, it was used from the point of view of urban planning professors, and for the reliability of the questionnaire, reliability was calculated using Cronbach's alpha. In order to analyze the collected data, one-sample T-test was used in spss software and Spearman's correlation coefficient was used to determine the effect of intelligent growth indicators on quality of life. Then, in order to visualize the results, the data is entered into the GIS software and the results are displayed on the map using the IDW method.
<strong> </strong>
<strong>Results and discussion</strong>
The main goal of this article is to analyze the impact of smart growth on the quality of life of the residents of District 8 of Mashhad Municipality. The results show that both intelligent growth and quality of life variables have a good condition in the region with averages of 3/19 and 3/31, respectively, and in total, the significant correlation between intelligent growth and quality of life in the region is 8 with a correlation coefficient of 3/11 shows; That is, as much as smart growth is more favorable in a region, the level of quality of life will also increase under its influence. The reverse of this correlation is also true. By examining the research records related to intelligent growth and quality of life, we reach an important point:
Note: Although the findings of this research in the field of intelligent growth are in line with the findings of studies such as Zarrabi et al, Raeisi & Kiani and Rahnama & hayati; Because we find out that it can be done by increasing building density, population density, reducing car travel and increasing pedestrian routes. Achieved intelligent growth algorithm in different areas. And also, on the other hand, the findings of this research are in line with the research conducted in the field of quality of life, including the work of Fethalian and Partovi., Wiziak Bialuska and Ahdenjad et al;Because the results of recent research show that in order to have a good quality of life, factors such as the existence of a quality public transportation system, a quality communication network, quality housing, quality leisure spaces and welfare are necessary. In this article, the author has tried to evaluate the effect of both variables on each other as a combination (that is, the effects of intelligent growth on the quality of life). The only similar studies in this direction are by Khoshghadam and Razzaghi Asl and Zanganeh et al. None of them have addressed "the effects of smart growth on the quality of life, focusing on the two indicators of compactness and accessibility" as stated
<strong> </strong>
<strong>Conclusion</strong>
The results of this research show that there is a significant relationship between smart growth and quality of life in District 8 of Mashhad Municipality. Therefore, it can be said that smart growth indicators play a significant role in improving the quality of life; because they have been able to prevent the nobles of the neighbors from entering the buildings by creating compact and vertical uses and walkable and transport-oriented areas and to create uses that are compatible with the surrounding environment and suitable conditions in terms of access to services, main street networks and smooth traffic achieve. Therefore, compactness, building density in area 8 has helped to create open space for effective use of land and resources and has created a higher quality residential environment. Also, proper access and development based on public transportation, pedestrian-oriented and the existence of multiple routes to access different points, while solving the problems of traffic congestion, saving the cost and commuting time of the residents and easy and quick access to the main and high-quality roads. has helped.
<strong> </strong>
<strong>Funding</strong>
There is no funding support.
<strong> </strong>
<strong>Authors’ Contribution</strong>
All of the authors approved the content of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work.
<strong> </strong>
<strong>Conflict of Interest</strong>
The authors declared no conflict of interest.
<strong> </strong>
<strong>Acknowledgments</strong>
We are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper.شهرها زمانی از پویایی بیشتری برخوردار میباشند که رشد و توسعه هوشمندانه شهر، رفاه زندگی بشر را در جهات گوناگون موردتوجه قرار دهد؛ لذا با در نظر گرفتن انسان بهعنوان محورِ توسعه شهری، اهمیت کیفیت زندگی او بیشازپیش خودنمایی میکند. درواقع یکی از اهداف اصلی برنامهریزی شهری، دستیابی به محیط زندگی شهری با کیفیت است که از طریق پیادهسازی شاخصهای رشد هوشمند امکانپذیر است. هدف اصلی پژوهش حاضر، بررسی تأثیر رشد هوشمند بر کیفیت زندگی ساکنین منطقه 8 شهرداری مشهد میباشد. روش پژوهش توصیفی _ تحلیلی با استفاده از منابع کتابخانهای و دادههای پیمایشی (پرسشنامه) است. همچنین با استفاده از فرمول کوکران، نمونه آماری متشکل از 382 نفر از ساکنین منطقه 8 شهر مشهد موردمطالعه قرارگرفته است. دادههای گردآوریشده از طریق آزمون T تک نمونه بررسیشده و جهت تحلیلِ میزان اثرگذاری از ضریب همبستگی اسپیرمن، استفاده گردیده است. برای تصویرسازی و تحلیل بهتر، نتایج پژوهش با استفاده از روش IDW بر روی نقشهها نمایش دادهشده که نتایج بیانگرِ وضعیت مطلوب منطقه 8 به لحاظ شاخصهای رشد هوشمند با میانگین 19/3 و کیفیت زندگی با میانگین 31/3 میباشد. همچنین میان این دو متغیر با ضریب همبستگی 311/0 رابطه معنیداری وجود دارد که بیانگر تأثیر مثبت رشد هوشمند بر کیفیت زندگی است؛ بهعبارتیدیگر، در محلاتی که به لحاظ شاخصهای رشد هوشمند دارای وضعیت مطلوب میباشند، ساکنین رضایت بیشتری از کیفیت زندگی در آن محلات دارند..https://jurbangeo.ut.ac.ir/article_91035_2b7cbfe0cb7058bc907ba0555e3194e2.pdfموسسه جغرافیاپژوهشهای جغرافیای برنامهریزی شهری2383-145610420230121Structural modelling of the influence of background factors in the development of active transportation during the Corona epidemic in Durood Cityمدلسازی ساختاری تأثیر عوامل زمینهای در توسعه حملونقل فعال در دوران اپیدمی کرونا در شهر دورود1972109052210.22059/jurbangeo.2023.346968.1725FAیونسغلامیگروه جغرافیا و گردشگری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم زمین، دانشگاه کاشان، کاشان، ایرانابراهیممولویگروه طراحی شهری، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایرانهنگامهدالوندگروه جغرافیا و گردشگری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم زمین، دانشگاه کاشان، کاشان، ایرانJournal Article20220828A B S T R A C T
The Corona epidemic is one of the most important issues in the world today, which has significantly changed urban transportation and highlighted the weaknesses of current transportation methods. This crisis has provided a unique opportunity to redesign urban transportation programs in a more sustainable and resistant way. The main goal of the recent research is to evaluate the impact of contextual factors in the development of active transportation during the Corona epidemic in Durood City. This research is of an applied type and based on the descriptive-analytical method, and with the help of a questionnaire, the researcher investigated the effect of background factors such as age, gender, education, etc. on active transportation during the Corona epidemic. The use of structural equation modelling has been investigated. The statistical population of the research includes 180 residents of Durood City, which was calculated using the required software and with a confidence level of 95%. The analysis of the resulting findings shows that among the factors affecting the development of active transportation during the Corona epidemic, social and health factors with the highest factor load are the most effective factors, and among the background factors affecting the development of active transportation, age is the most influential and Household income had the least influence on the choice of active transportation during the outbreak of the Corona epidemic. The final results indicate that the background factors during the outbreak of this epidemic in Durood City greatly affected the development of active transportation during this period.
<strong>Extended Abstract</strong>
<strong>Introduction</strong>
COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by the acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The World Health Organization (WHO) has classified this epidemic as a global epidemic (Wielechowski et al, 2020:1). The COVID-19 epidemic has severely affected many social and economic activities, transportation being one of them (Przybylowski et al, 2021:8). Unprecedented measures such as travel restrictions and gathering restrictions implemented by many countries are one of the most significant impacts the pandemic has had on transportation. And the act to observe social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic was a sudden restriction that, along with a sharp reduction in travel volume and changes in activity patterns, contributed to sudden changes in the way of transportation in cities around the world (Ciuffini et al, 2021:3). . As a result, rapid and intense changes in people's movement styles (that is, lifestyle about mobility, travel habits, etc.) appear from other aspects of their behaviour in travel. Movement styles are usually resistant to change under normal circumstances, but necessarily during a prolonged and severe pandemic, the unique circumstances introduced by this new pandemic will change many habits and preferences. re-examine themselves and as a result, significant changes are made in people's methods (Shamshiripour et al, 2020:1). Therefore, the relationship between transportation and diseases, as well as how it affects travel behaviour, has been investigated. Following these cases, it is also very important to understand the effects of the pandemic on travel demand (Dingil & Esztergár-Kiss, 2021:1). One of the most important topics of the day is to examine the issues related to the effects of the Corona epidemic on cities. One of these issues is related to the change in the use of transportation in cities, due to the various measures taken by the government to control this epidemic, the amount of transportation during the quarantine period using other means of transportation has decreased and people are facing problems. Moved towards the use of active transport. In this research, using the structural equation model, the effect of factors such as age, gender, education, distance from the city centre, and family income on the components of active transportation during the corona epidemic was investigated, and finally, a model was drawn that the relationship between shows them. and shows the most effective factors.
<strong>Methodology</strong>
The current research method is descriptive-analytical and applied in terms of purpose. Data collection has been done using the field method and questionnaire tool and its random distribution in the areas of Durood City. The statistical population of this research includes Durood City with a population of 121,638 people. The sample size was calculated using sample power software with a confidence level of 95% and a possible error of 5% from 180 people. To explain and model the effects, structural equation modelling (SEM) was used in Amos software. Cronbach's alpha test was used to measure the reliability of the research tool, which was taken separately for each of the main indicators.
<strong>Results and discussion</strong>
In this part of the research, the findings have been analyzed and the research hypotheses have been answered. Structural equation modelling has been used for the scientific analysis of this research. The findings of this hypothesis, which shows the influence of background factors in the development of active transportation during the epidemic period, show that the social factor and health with a factor weight of 0.94 have the highest factor load, followed by the social factor with factor A. The economic coefficient of 0.94 ranks second and the economic coefficient of 0.60 has the lowest factor load. Among the relevant factors, age with a factor load of 0.68 is the most effective factor, and distance from the city centre is the second most effective factor, followed by gender and education, and finally, household income is the most effective factor. The coefficient of 0.18 had the least effect on the choice of active transportation during the outbreak of the Corona epidemic.
<strong>Conclusion</strong>
The sudden spread of the corona epidemic in the world has severely affected transportation, these effects have made people use active means of transportation, which can have the greatest effect in controlling this epidemic. And active transmission can be a key strategy to reverse the burden of communicable diseases that require social distancing. In the structural equation model that examines the impact of background factors on the development of active transportation, the results show that among the background factors, age is the most important factor, and with increasing age, the use of active transportation, especially bicycles. is. The ride is less. The second most effective factor in choosing active transportation during the Corona epidemic is the distance from the city centre. This factor indicates active transportation planning in medium and small cities where the residence is less far from the workplace or the city centre. They will be more successful. Gender, the next influential factor in this research, shows that women use bicycles less and walk more. It is the opposite for men. Education and income are also affected in the next categories, which shows that the level of education of individuals or household income can also have important effects on choosing the type of transportation during the epidemic. Finally, background factors have had a significant impact on the spread of Corona in Durood City. Finally, during this pandemic, countries face an opportunity to revise strategic goals to reduce the risk of increasing active transportation infrastructure. The path to sustainability can be improved by temporary measures that enable the increase of active transport, and this epidemic and its medium- and long-term consequences compel us to propose an emerging research program to investigate sustainable and healthy urban mobility with comprehensive guidelines. do. Epidemic diseases in the future, it is necessary to pay attention to the fact that today's policies may have long-term consequences.
<strong> </strong>
<strong>Funding</strong>
There is no funding support.
<strong> </strong>
<strong>Authors’ Contribution</strong>
All of the authors approved the content of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work.
<strong> </strong>
<strong>Conflict of Interest</strong>
The authors declared no conflict of interest.
<strong> </strong>
<strong>Acknowledgments</strong>
We are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper.<strong>چکیده</strong>
اپیدمی کرونا یکی از مهمترین مسائل روز دنیاست که حملونقل شهری را بهطور قابلتوجهی تغییر داده است و نقاط ضعف روشهای حملونقل فعلی را بیشتر برجسته کرده است. این بحران فرصتی منحصربهفرد برای طراحی مجدد برنامههای حملونقل شهری به شیوهای پایدارتر و مقاومتر را فراهم کرده است. هدف اصلی پژوهش حاضر ارزیابی تأثیر عوامل زمینهای در توسعه حملونقل فعال در دوران اپیدمی کرونا در شهر دورود میباشد. این پژوهش از نوع کاربردی و بر اساس روش توصیفی – تحلیلی میباشد و با ابزار پرسشنامه محقق ساخته تأثیر عوامل زمینهای ازجمله سن و جنس و تحصیلات و... را بر حملونقل فعال در دوران اپیدمی کرونا با استفاده از مدلسازی معادلات ساختاری موردبررسی قرار داده است. جامعه آماری پژوهش شامل 180 نفر از ساکنان شهر دورود میباشد که با استفاده از نرمافزار موردنیاز و با سطح اطمینان 95 درصد محاسبهشده است. تحلیل یافتههای منتج بیانگر آن است که در میان عوامل موثر بر توسعه حملونقل فعال در دوران اپیدمی کرونا عوامل اجتماعی و سلامت با بیشترین بار عاملی مؤثرترین عوامل و در میان عوامل زمینهای موثر بر توسعه حملونقل فعال نیز، سن تأثیرگذارترین و درآمد خانوار کمترین تأثیر را در انتخاب حملونقل فعال در دوران شیوع اپیدمی کرونا داشتهاند. نتایج پایانی نشانگر آن است که عوامل زمینهای در دوران شیوع این اپیدمی در شهر دورود اثر بسیار زیادی بر توسعه حملونقل فعال در این دوران داشته است.https://jurbangeo.ut.ac.ir/article_90522_7ebf10115b77a2bed372deda3f46739d.pdfموسسه جغرافیاپژوهشهای جغرافیای برنامهریزی شهری2383-145610420230121Determining landscape branding indicators at two levels of dimensions and componentsتعیین شاخصهای برندسازی منظر در دو سطح ابعاد و مؤلفهها1972108901510.22059/jurbangeo.2022.344082.1703FAصدیقهسلیمانی شیجانیگروه معماری منظر، دانشکده هنر، دانشگاه تربیتمدرس، تهران، ایرانمحمدرضابمانیانگروه معماری ، دانشکده هنر، دانشگاه تربیتمدرس، تهران، ایرانمجتبیرفیعیانگروه شهرسازی، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایرانمنصوریگانهگروه معماری ، دانشکده هنر، دانشگاه تربیتمدرس، تهران، ایرانJournal Article20220828Landscape, despite affecting the image and identity of the city, has no place in branding research. Research on landscape branding depends on identifying the factors that affect it. The purpose of this study is to determine the indicators of landscape branding. In order to achieve this goal, a combination of qualitative and quantitative research methods has been used. In-depth review of previous studies to identify and classify the dimensions of landscape branding, forming an expert panel, compiling a questionnaire and screening components using results from fuzzy Delphi and the nonparametric Friedman test are the main steps of the present study. The problems caused by the lack of consensus on the main indicators of place branding are doubled in the field of landscape branding. Therefore, the first stage was dedicated to identifying and categorizing the components of landscape branding by applying the method of written content analysis. The findings of this stage identified 8 dimensions and 41 components. The components were then screened through fuzzy Delphi. According to experts, 8 dimensions (physical, cultural, political, economic, social, historical, environmental and media dimensions) were approved as dimensions of landscape branding, but the number of components was reduced to 26. Finally, the Friedman test calculations had an acceptable overlap with the Delphi results and confirmed the screening of the components. Interpretation of the findings also identified the physical dimension as the most important dimension of the process.<br /><strong>Extended Abstract</strong><br /><strong>Introduction </strong><br />Despite the importance of landscape elements in forming cities’ image and identity, and consequently in the process of city branding, landscape branding does not have a proper position among various place branding studies. In order to address the issues of landscape branding, it is necessary to identify the factors that affect it. Determining the dimensions and indicators is one of the most difficult topics in urban branding and this difficulty is more noticeable whilst focusing on landscape branding. The main purpose of this study, however, is to overcome the mentioned difficulty and specify the indicators of landscape branding.<br /><strong> </strong><br /><strong>Methodology</strong><br />Due to the multi-dimensional essence of landscape branding, to achieve the research goal, a combination of qualitative and quantitative research methods has been used in the present study. First, a comprehensive review of previous studies made it possible to identify and categorize landscape branding indicators. The next phase was forming a panel of experts, using a seven-point Likert scale questionnaire, and gathering the experts’ opinions to determine the importance of each Indicator. Expert panel sampling was done intentionally and selectively with 15 experts(Professors of landscape architecture, architecture, urban planning and design, and tourism management). The validity of the questionnaire, which is also associated with reliability in the Delphi method (Danaeifar and Mozaffari, 2008), was checked with 5 criteria including researcher sensitivity, methodological coherence, adequacy of sampling, simultaneous data collection and analysis, and theoretical thinking (Dehghani and Baghiri, 2014) ). The threshold is typically 0/7 but it varies based on the researcher’s opinion in different studies(Habibi et al., 2015). The threshold was 0/75 in this research. Screening criteria based on fuzzy Delphi results, and Friedman's nonparametric test, as two parallel paths, was the third and last main step of the research.<br /><strong>Results and discussion</strong><br />The findings of the first phase identified 8 dimensions and 41 components for landscape branding. The components were then screened through fuzzy Delphi. At this stage, according to experts, the 8 dimensions (physical, cultural, political, economic, social, historical, environmental and media) were all approved, but the number of components was reduced to 26. Based on the findings, social, physical and cultural dimensions, each with 5 components has the highest number of effective components in the process. This shows the importance of these dimensions compared to other effective dimensions according to the experts, and can be considered in line with the superiority of social, physical and cultural dimensions in branding studies. In addition, at the end of de-fuzzification and before screening, the crisp value for four components of the physical dimension was greater than 0/95. The components discussed are: landscape correlation (crisp value: 0/99), visual landscape (crisp value:0/98), infrastructure (crisp value: 0/97) and landmarks (crisp value: 0/97). These findings confirm the greater importance of the physical dimension among all the 8 dimensions (as emphasized in : (Vela et al., 2017), (Campelo et al., 2010), (Tobias & Wahl 2013), (Moratouski, 2012) and (Anholt, 2006)). In contrast, the environmental dimension, with only 2 components in the final table, has the lowest means and Crisp value in fuzzy and de-fuzzy calculations; with 0/77 (l = 0/27, m = 0/34, u = 0/5) for environmental health index and 0/79 (l = 0/19, m = 0/41, u = 0/54) for environmental diversity index. Although in the review of landscape branding studies, the ranking of factors related to this process has not been discussed, but due to the emphasis on the importance of environmental factors in various city / landscape branding studies (for example (Zavarato, 2014), (Julier (2005), (Merrilees, 2013) and (Porter, 2016)) This result was unexpected. Also, according to experts, the most important index of each of the eight dimensions was determined. Thus, according to the minimum, average and maximum means in the radar charts, in the political dimension "responsibility" (crisp value: 0/93), in the social dimension "unity and compatibility" (crisp value: 0/96), in the physical dimension "landscape correlation"(crisp value: 0/99), in the media dimension "indirect presentation" (crisp value: 0/98), in the environmental dimension "environmental diversity" (crisp value: 0/79), in the economic dimension "economic structure" (crisp value: 0/99), in the historical dimension "spiritual landscape heritage" (crisp value: 0/93) and in the cultural dimension "distinct identity" (crisp value: 0/98), will be considered the most important and will play a more prominent role in the process of branding the landscape. Significant differences between the most important components of the environmental dimension compared to the most important components of other dimensions are noticeable and the reasons can be investigated in future studies and general statistical communities.<br /><strong> </strong><br /><strong>Conclusion</strong><br />The research findings highlight the importance of applying a holistic approach in the process of landscape branding. An approach that combines objective and subjective aspects. At the same time, the findings show that the most important dimension of the branding process is the physical dimension, and this reveals the superiority of the objective aspect of the process compared to the mental aspect. In the cultural dimension, the higher value of "distinct identity" compared to "unity identity" indicates the superiority of the external dimension of identity over its internal dimension in the process of landscape branding. This finding can be considered as an indication that, in the opinion of experts on the paradox of singularity-similarity, which is considered as one of the most important challenges of landscape branding (Porter, 2016), the first aspect is more important. Accordingly, in the role of landscape elements to turn cities into brands, differentiation indicators play a more prominent role than familiarity indicators. Therefore, in the intense competition of cities, paying attention to the external dimension of identity can increase the chances of each city, to be remembered for a long period of time, and consequently, to gain continuous attention from visitors.<br /><strong> </strong><br /><strong>Funding</strong><br />There is no funding support.<br /><strong> </strong><br /><strong>Authors’ Contribution</strong><br />All of the authors approved the content of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work.<br /><strong> </strong><br /><strong>Conflict of Interest</strong><br />The authors declared no conflict of interest.<br /><strong> </strong><br /><strong>Acknowledgments</strong><br />We are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper.منظر با وجود تأثیرگذاری بر تصویر و هویت شهر، جایگاه درخوری در پژوهشهای برندسازی مکان ندارد. تحقیق در برندینگ منظر در گرو شناسایی عوامل مؤثر بر آن است. مشکلات ناشی از پراکندگی آرا در ادبیات برندسازی مکان و نبود اجماع پیرامون شاخصهای اصلی، با ورود به حیطة برندسازی منظر دوچندان مینماید. هدف کلان پژوهش پیشرو تعیین شاخصهای برندسازی منظر میباشد. در راستای دستیابی به هدف یادشده و باتوجهبه ماهیت چندوجهی برندسازی منظر، ترکیبی از روشهای تحقیق کیفی و کمی مورداستفاده قرار گرفته است. تحلیل محتوای نوشتاری و بررسی عمیق مطالعات پیشین بهمنظور شناسایی و دستهبندی اولیة ابعاد برندسازی منظر، انتخاب خبرگان، تنظیم پرسشنامه و در پایان غربالگری مؤلفهها به کمک همپوشانی نتایج دلفی فازی و آزمون ناپارامتری فریدمن، روشها و ابزارهای اصلی تحقیق حاضر را تشکیل میدهد. یافتههای استخراج شده در مرحلة تحلیل محتوا، مجموعاً 8 بعد و 41 مؤلفة مؤثر در برندسازی منظر را مشخص نمود. پس از غربالگری مؤلفهها از طریق دلفی فازی، بر اساس نظر خبرگان 8 بعد کالبدی، فرهنگی، سیاسی، اقتصادی، اجتماعی، تاریخی، زیستمحیطی و رسانهای بهعنوان ابعاد شکلدهندة برندسازی منظر تأیید شدند، اما تعداد مؤلفهها به 26 مورد کاهش یافت. در مرحلة آخر، محاسبات آزمون فریدمن همپوشانی مطلوبی با نتایج فازی سازی و فازی زدایی داشته و غربال مؤلفهها را تأیید نمود. تفسیر یافتهها همچنین، بعد کالبدی را بهعنوان مهمترین بعد فرآیند برندسازی منظر مشخص نمود.https://jurbangeo.ut.ac.ir/article_89015_525376a8334f87cee54d7ecf78939a77.pdf