Level of development of urban settlements with cluster analysis (Case study: Tehran)

1. Introduction
From late 1340 onwards due to the huge investments in Tehran and give the main responsibilities in creation of national revenue and manufacturing and because of Public services many migrations took place across the country to the city and the more the city was faced with the problem of unwanted. Surrounding cities of Tehran were also affected by this process so every day the complex problems of Tehran with facing these uninvited guests were added. In order to evaluate the settlements, the three dimensions of social, economic and physical infrastructure was elected.
With the level settlements, cities have been compared in terms of amenities and facilities. It was found that which city needs more investment than other cities. In this study, 36 indicators in three categories: social, economic, infrastructure - physical settlement of Tehran were selected for evaluation and analysis. Therefore, levels of development of countries of Tehran were determined with using cluster analysis technique. In general, the following questions are raises in this study:
A) Differences between countries of Tehran province in terms of development indices like?
How many parts the townships are divided to?
B) Due to clustering, which is unstable and stable city?
 
 
 
2. Materials and Methods
In this study the research method is multivariate analysis .Thus, after defining the concepts of research, ultimately, Hierarchical cluster analysis was used for plan of classification of settlements. To the classification Counties located in an area are very close to each other, but there are remarkable a difference with other levels of cites and distinguished from each other.
 
 
3. Findings
To measure the level of development of cites of Tehran province in the first indicators of social, economic, and physical infrastructure was selected. The amount of data collected and the index data for each of the indices were entered into SPSS software. After calculation and analysis based on hierarchical cluster analysis, results and output analysis appeared in tables and diagrams. The first neighboring matrix table to cities (adjacency matrix) that Euclidean distance of each region or district or village is calculated to the next area .in the next steps Combination of density clusters, cluster members, cresset vertical and tree diagram is drawn. The output of this process shows that Tehran city is in the first cluster and Damavand, Pishva, Pakdasht, Rey, Damavand, Baharestan, RobatKarim, Varamin, IslamShahr, Ghods, Malard, Shemiranat, cities are in the second cluster. Firozkoh city is in the third cluster.
 
4. Conclusions
Results of analysis with using hierarchical cluster analyses method shows cities of Tehran province are categorized in three clusters. Tehran city as the richest city, Pishva, Pakdasht, Rey, Damavand, Baharestan, Robatkarim, Varamin, Eslamshahr, Ghods, Malard, Shemiranat and Shahriyar cities are in the second cluster and Firozkoh city is in the third cluster. In fact Firozkoh city is in the last cluster and knowing as the poorest city and it should be has priority in terms of invested in the development of facilities and services. After Firozkoh Counties of the second cluster are important for to allocate funds, constructive projects but as it became clear with evaluation of development indicators. Cities of this cluster are not in the same level. Thus in the formulation of plans and amenities to these cities should be considered this point.