Impacts of Civil Rights on Urban Management in Ilam City

Document Type : Review article

Authors

1 Associate Professor of Urban Planning, University of Isfahan, Iran

2 PhD in Geography and Urban Planning, University of Tehran, Iran

3 MA in Geography and Urban Planning, Isfahan, Iran

Abstract

Introduction
Urban issues are of general interest in contemporary world and they have attracted the attention of many social and political scientists in different courses. Structural and functional changes of social and political systems and creation of different grounds in managing urban affairs from one perspective and Islamic bases of Iranian law from the other hand have created different perspectives toward citizen rights and duties.
Growing procedure of urbanization in Iran and different cultures and groups’ companionship with each other and turning rural affairs to urban ones highlights the necessity of redefining the activists’ interactions with each other and with urban institutions in urban society suitable with update legal criteria, which have strong executive guarantee. 
City is considered as a development source and urban management in development and improvement urban settlements plays a very important and determinative role. Management of favorable process of urban life can play the most important role on human settlements and stability of urban growth. The civil program authorization and regulating factor arises from practicability of urban management.  
Ilam city has have experienced a hasty and ungovernable growth and an inappropriate population growth, and physical transformations. These events resulted in extreme immigration reception.
Population growth and immigration from rural areas and adjacent cities has resulted in a growth in unemployment rate, social problems, land and housing anxiety, urban dissociation (vacant lots in town), urban landscape ravages, city development to potentially dangerous areas, ugly and ungovernable growth (hasty skeletal developmental growth), crowding city traffic (accumulation of city traffic), changing agricultural lands to residential spaces, improper urban construction, and noncompliance of urban infrastructure neighborhood. Moreover, it raises this question that if the awareness of citizens about different civil rights has a relationship with urban management programming? In addition, how much effects do the awareness of citizens about different civil rights components has on urban management programming?   
Methodology
This is an applied research by a descriptive analytical methodology. Statistical population of the research is all the people of Ilam city. We have selected 200 subjects as statistical sample. The questionnaire tools has been used for data acquisition. The reliability of the tool is tested through Cronbach’s alpha. The value of the alpha has been obtained 75 % and 74% for questionnaires of civil rights and urban management, respectively. For the validity of questionnaire, the face validity has been used. This shows the validity of the research. Finally, all data were analyzed using SPSS.  
Results and discussion
The results of examining the hypothesis of this research through Kolmogorov–Smirnov and t-regression test indicated that civil rights are not meaningful for majority of people and being aware of civil rights in citizen’s urban management.
Nowadays people talk about the active collaboration of citizens in urban programs on urban governing. Practical ways of answering to citizen’s requirements by the local decision makers can be helpful to determine different aspects of collaboration. The social justice in urban level is the responsibility of urban management in modern systems from social and economical to cultural and political systems. In complicated urban system, civil rights perform this function. Urban management system contains 3 levels of management including political-social, institutional and planning and performative and technical management. . Citizen unawareness and lack of knowledge has caused many problems and has put civil society and management in hardship. Diversity of institutions and responsible structures in Ilam’s city and their separate performance according to their own criteria, financial deficiencies for urban management, lack of instructions based on citizen’s collaboration in urban management, has caused ignoring citizen’s collaboration in managing urban affairs.
The purpose of this study is to study the effects of components of the civil rights on urban management in Ilam.  

Keywords

References

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Geographical Urban Planning Research (GUPR)
Volume 6, Issue 3
October 2018
Pages 531-543

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