Evaluation of Different Scenarios of Urban Spatial Distribution in Order to Reduce Traffic Volume (Case Study: Educational Applications in Kashan)

Document Type : Research article

Authors

1 Assistant Professor of Earth Science, Faculty of Natural Resources and Earth Sciences, Kashan University, Iran

2 PhD in Geography and Urban Planning, Faculty of Natural Resources and Earth Sciences, Kashan University, Iran

3 Professor, Faculty of Natural Resources and Earth Sciences, Kashan University, Iran

4 MA in Geography and Urban Planning, University of Kashan, Iran

Abstract

Introduction
Today, due to the rapid growth of urbanization, the mismatch of today's streets with the needs of the population, the placement of crowded uses on the edge of city streets and placement of misplaced applications together, has caused traffic congestion in cities. The traffic phenomenon is one of the major problems in most-large cities, and even medium and small.This is one of the social problems of today's societies in different cities. The city center of Kashan attracts a large crowd to the city center due to the old market, and monuments, schools, busy streets, commercial, educational, and health amenities. It can also cause severe traffic in this area. Therefore, the need to pay attention to this problem, and the need to redistribute the spatial distribution of population-absorbing applications, is necessary. This study examines the role of land use, urban traffic development, in the central part of Kashan, and the re-distribution of spatial uses, and identifies the relationship between the distribution of educational, therapeutic, and urban traffic usage.
Methodology
The research is conducted by descriptive, analytical and applied method. Indicators of the research are including compatibility, comfort, utility, efficiency, health and safety. The required information was collected through library, documents, expert interviews, as well as referrals to the offices. Then, the data was prepared to enter the GIS software. For data analysis, the GIS software and the k-means algorithm were used.
Results and discussion
Spatial Redistribution Scenario for the Educational user is: the primary school at a minimum operating range of 4 minutes, in the whole city, covers an area of 42703.40 hectares, covers the city's coverage. The primary school has coverage of 55232.34 hectares with a maximum access time of 5 minutes, in the city center. While the standard 5-minute standard service for this number of schools is about 103573.22 hectares. The middle school, located in the city of Kashan, covers a surface area of 81409.00 hectares in a 6 minute working radius. If, taking into account the standard operating range of 6 minutes, this school can cover a total of 278619.37 hectares in urban areas. The middle school covers a total area of 89176.01 hectares in the city of Kashan at a maximum radius of 7 minutes. In the case of a standard 7-minute radius, and the number of schools distributed in the city of Kashan, an area of 382,355.92 hectares, the city can be covered by middle school services in a maximum radius of 7 minutes. Users of high school schools service the city at a service life of at least 8 minutes, with an area of 322279.75 hectares. If for this city high school, according to the standard radius of 8 minutes, the area of 642272.75 hectares is suitable for high school. The high school in the city, within a radius of access of up to 10 minutes, covers an area of 104413.67 hectares. If for this high school, at the city level, the maximum range of high school access is 526671.19 hectares, it can be served by these schools at the city level. Thus, the school high school services are ranged across the city at a maximum radius of 10 minutes.
Spatial Redistribution Scenario for the Therapeutic Usage is: Therapeutic use in the minimum accessible radius 7 minutes, at the city level, covers an area of 75221.46 hectares of the city. In this number of therapeutic users at the city level for the radius of access, can provide a minimum of 79850.06 hectares of the city. Therapeutic use in a radius of access of up to 8 minutes at the city level covers an area of 506296.19 hectares of the city. If the number of therapeutic users in the city is located for a radius of access of at least 92736.14 hectares, it can serve the city level. Therefore, the area of urban health care services has an overlap in the city.
Conclusion
In the present study, in order to re-distribute the studied applications, the scenario used by the k-means algorithm reduced significantly the traffic surplus. This surplus traffic is due to the overlapping of service utilities in the pursuit of non-observance of the standard operating range when locating them and distributing their clustering, especially in the city center. In this scenario, with the re-distribution of the applications under study at a minimum radius of access to the primary school, a reduction can be observed about 16.14% at a maximum radius of access of 17.99%, the minimum radius of access to high school is 17.22%, and at the maximum accessible radius of 1.31%, at the minimum radius of school access 7.32 and at the maximum Access radius was 6.67%; in treatment at a minimum radius of access, 31.51% of urban traffic.

Keywords

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Geographical Urban Planning Research (GUPR)
Volume 7, Issue 3
October 2019
Pages 491-507

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