Investigating effective solutions in promoting people's participation in planning urban neighborhoods the Case study of urban neighborhoods of Tehran's 14th district

ABSTRACT
In the form of a participatory, democratic process, neighborhood development has been the focus of sustainable urban neighborhood development programs for the past decades. In this regard, the aim of the current research is to investigate effective solutions in promoting people's participation in neighborhood planning. his research is descriptive-analytical. Its data has been collected by documentary and field method (questionnaire made by the researcher from the residents of the 14 districts). The findings of Friedman's analysis show that the factors of delegating responsibility to citizens with an average of 6.57, awareness of plans and projects with 5.33, trust in the municipality with 5.16, feeling of belonging to a place with 4.76, satisfaction with municipal services, 4.76 They are the most important factors in the participation of citizens in the neighborhoods. The results of multivariate correlation, the value of the coefficient between the set of independent variables and the dependent variable of the research (neighborhood participation) is 0.689, which indicates a strong correlation between the variables. Spatial analysis shows social participation in 14 districts that Dolab neighborhood with a score of 0.600, Gozpayin Dolab neighborhood with 0.602, Nurse neighborhood with a score of 0.752, and Shkoufeh neighborhood with a score of 0.734 are respectively the most favorable and unfavorable neighborhoods in terms of social participation indicators among the neighborhoods
Extended Abstract
Introduction
Sustainable design and sustainable urban planning is in need of social sustainability, and social sustainability is in need of citizen's participation. Therefore public participation plays a crucial role in the way to achieve sustainability. Meanwhile 8th Goal of United Nation in Millennium Development Goals is: “Develop a global partnership for development” and city managers has been taken into consideration participation in recent years. In the form of a participatory, democratic process, neighborhood development has been the focus of sustainable urban neighborhood development programs for the past decades. This exploratory review of the literature provides a comprehensive overview of the settings that are available to the planner when managing participatory strategic planning of spatial socio-economic development on the local level. We contextualize individual potential configurations of participation in local development planning practice, documented in a number of case studies from different parts of the world, in order to reflect the multidimensionality of the participatory planning process. These reflections are used to build a participation plan model, which aimed to help local planners, especially local governments, to optimize the participation of local stakeholders, according to the specifics of the local environment. In this regard, the aim of the In this article is to investigate effective solutions in promoting people's participation in neighborhood planning.
 
Methodology
he research method in this study was based on descriptive-analytical using statistical analysis. The information needed in this research has been collected through documentary and field studies (researcher-made questionnaire) from the residents of District 14. The statistical population was the residents of District 14 of Tehran Municipality. The sample size was calculated by Cochran's formula. The number of the sample community was 384 people The distribution of the questionnaire was simple random within the localities. Statistical analysis was used for analysis.
 
Results and discussion
 The reliability of the questionnaire was measured with Cronbach's alpha (0/79) at the level of the components, and it was used for validity in the opinion of professors and experts.
In order to analyze the findings, multivariate correlation analysis and Friedman's analysis were used, and Waspas model were used to ranking of localities.
The findings of Friedman's analysis show the research The most important factors are assigning responsibility to citizens with an average of 6/57, awareness of plans and projects with 5.33, trust in the municipality with 5/16, feeling of belonging to a place with 4.76, satisfaction with urban services, 4/73 respectively. They are effective in the participation of citizens in the neighborhoods. The results of multivariate correlation, the value of the coefficient between the set of independent variables and the dependent variable of the research (neighborhood participation) is 0.689, which indicates a strong correlation between the variables. The spatial analysis of social participation in the districts of region 14 shows that Dolab with a score of 0/600 and Gozpain Dolab with a score of 0/602, parastar with a score of 0/752 and Shokofeh with a score of 0/734 are respectively the most desirable and unfavorable neighborhoods in terms of participation indicators. They have a community among the neighborhoods. We only found a kind of good practice example in the field of attempts to secure the participation of the vast majority of locals in local development planning—it appears to be the recognition and empowerment of local neighborhoods and institutionalized communities in planning that is
represented by community leadership.
 
Conclusion
comprehensive framework was developed for urban planning for sustainability in urban neighborhoods of Tehran's 14th district. It was concluded that a participatory approach is vital for creating successful and sustainable planning urban neighborhoods, as has been agreed upon by many authors. This research paper demonstrates the importance of participation for progressing towards sustainable neighborhoods planning. In order to develop a proper framework, local matters were investigated, a literature review was carried out, and the field studies was followed. Most of the findings reached through the use of thefield studies emphasize the importance of using the dimensions and categories for the proposed framework. the neighborhoods of the 14th district of Tehran municipality, it can achieve participatory planning if it first facilitates the residents to do all kinds of joint work, both economically, socially and culturally, and physically and environmentally. to lead people; Second, urban management With a systematic view of the city, take a step towards integrated urban management and delegation of powers to local administrations. It is only in this way that we can hope that the neighborhood and the city will achieve sustainable development.
 
Funding
There is no funding support.
 
Authors’ Contribution
All of the authors approved the content of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work.
 
Conflict of Interest
Authors declared no conflict of interest.
 
Acknowledgments
We are grateful to all the scientific.