The main objective of this research is to analyze the relationships and stakeholder networks of urban management in Iran. From a methodological perspective, the study adopts a mixed-methods approach (quantitative and qualitative) based on the nature of the data. Data were collected through both library-based research and fieldwork. The sample size consists of 15 questionnaires, which were determined and completed based on the principle of theoretical saturation and using the snowball sampling method. Data analysis was conducted in three stages: (1) identification of the main and key stakeholders, (2) formation of the power–interest matrix, and (3) mapping the relationships and interactions among actors using the MACTOR analysis method. The results indicate that Iran’s urban management structure is characterized by inequalities in the levels of power, influence, and competitiveness among stakeholders. In this structure, the Islamic Consultative Assembly (Iran Parliament), as the most central actor, possesses the highest level of influence and competitiveness and plays a decisive role in directing decisions. Meanwhile, the Plan and Budget Organization of the country and the Ministry of Interior, as powerful bilateral actors, are both influential and influenced, and the stability of the urban management system largely depends on the nature of interactions with them. Overall, the urban governance structure remains reliant on the concentration of power within governmental and sovereign institutions, while at the same time exhibiting a high level of interest among economic and executive actors.