Travelogues constitute valuable historical sources for reconstructing the urban history of regions where official records are limited. This study examines how Kurdish cities were represented in Western travel accounts from the Safavid to the Pahlavi period, focusing on their geographical characteristics, physical-sanitary conditions, and urban landscape elements. Utilizing a qualitative-quantitative content analysis with a theme-oriented approach, data were collected through documentary research on 38 selected travelogues. From an initial 50 travelogues, 38 were retained using four selection criteria. The analytical process was executed in MAXQDA software following the thematic analysis framework of Braun and Clarke. The units of analysis comprised descriptive statements regarding geographical features, physical-sanitary conditions, and urban elements, yielding 857 initial codes categorized into sub-themes and overarching themes. Of these codes, 407 concerned urban landscape elements, 270 physical and sanitary conditions, and 180 geographical characteristics. The findings indicate that Kermanshah, Mahabad, and Sanandaj received the utmost attention due to their geopolitical positions, military-administrative roles, and strategic location within regional communication networks. Kermanshah alone accounted for 291 of the 857 codes. Defensive structures - castles, citadels - and communication elements - roads, bridges - were the most frequently described features. While results reveal a predominance of negative descriptions concerning physical and sanitary conditions, these representations were shaped not only by objective urban realities but also by the travelers’ cultural backgrounds, historical contexts, social positions, and perceptual frameworks. Overall, the study demonstrates that travelogues reflect both the spatial structure of Kurdish cities and the dominant discursive patterns of Western observers.