شناسایی اراضی شهری با استفاده از تصاویر ماهواره‌ای سنتینل 1 و 2 بر پایۀ سامانۀ گوگل‌ارث انجین (GEE)

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی - کاربردی

نویسنده

استادیار گروه جغرافیا، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

چکیده

استفاده از روش‌های مناسب و تصاویر ماهواره‌ای به‌روز در مطالعات مختلف، به‌ویژه مطالعات شهری می‌تواند در تولید نقشه‌های شهری تأثیر بسیاری داشته باشد. یکی از این داده‌های مهم، نقشة مربوط به حدود اراضی شهری است که با استفاده از روش‌های مختلف قابل‌استخراج است. هدف پژوهش حاضر استخراج اراضی شهری تعدادی از شهرهای ایران به‌کمک تصاویر ماهواره‌ای سنتینل 1 (SAR) و سنتینل 2 بر پایة سامانة گوگل‌ارث انجین (GEE) است؛ بدین‌منظور تصاویر راداری سنتینل 1 و اپتیکی سنتینل 2 به‌صورت سری زمانی از اول ژانویة 2017 تا اول ژانویة 2020 برای 20 شهر ایران انتخاب و وارد محیط گوگل‌ارث انجین شدند. سپس در محیط این سامانه، ابتدا میانگین و انحراف از معیار تصاویر سری زمانی راداری تهیه و با اعمال آستانه، اراضی بالقوة شهری استخراج شد. پوشش گیاهی حداکثر، پهنه‌های آبی و مناطق پرشیب و کوهستانی نیز به‌کمک تصاویر سنتینل 2 و مدل‌های رقومی ارتفاعی استخراج شدند. با اعمال آستانه نیز تصاویر ماسک ایجاد شدند. درنهایت با اعمال این تصاویر روی نقشة اراضی بالقوة شهری، نقشة اراضی هدف ایجاد و با اعمال فیلتر 3×3 برای حذف پیکسل‌های منفرد و اشتباه، نقشة نهایی اراضی شهری استخراج شد. به‌منظور بررسی صحت نقشه‌ها از ضریب کاپا، صحت کلی، صحت کاربر و صحت تولیدکننده استفاده شد. نتایج نشان می‌دهد، میانگین ضریب کاپا برای 20 شهر، 16/86 درصد است که بیشترین آن به شهر رشت و کمترین آن به کرمان مربوط است. همچنین شهرهای واقع در مناطق خشک و نیمه‌خشک، صحت کمتری دارند. همچنین مشخص شد سامانة GEE قادر است حجم زیادی از داده‌ها را در زمان بسیار اندک با دقت بالا پردازش کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Urban lands Extraction from Sentinel 1 and 2 satellite imagery based on Google Earth Engine (GEE)

نویسنده [English]

  • Vahid Mohammadnejad
چکیده [English]

The use of appropriate methods and up-to-date satellite images in various studies, especially urban studies, can play a major role in the production of urban maps. One of these important data is the map of urban lands that can be extracted using various methods. The aim of this paper is to extract urban lands of a number of Iranian cities using Sentinel 1 SAR satellite images and Sentinel 2 based on Google Earth Engine GEE. For this purpose, Sentinel 1 SAR and Optical Sentinel 2 images were selected as time series from 2017.01.01 to 2020.01.01 for 20 cities in Iran. time series Images entered to the Google Earth engine environment, and then the mean and standard deviation of radar images were prepared and by applying the threshold, potential urban lands were extracted. NDVImax, NDWImean and slope and mountainous areas were also extracted using Sentinel 2 images and DEM, and mask images were created by applying thresholds. Finally, by applying these images to the map of potential urban lands, the target urban land map was created and by applying a 3 * 3 filter to remove individual and false pixels, the final map of urban lands was extracted. The results show that the average Kappa coefficient for 20 cities is 86.16%. Also, cities in arid and semi-arid regions are less accurate. The results of this study show that the GEE system is able to process large amounts of data in a very short time with high accuracy.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Urban land map
  • Sentinel 2
  • SAR image
  • google earth engine
  • Iran

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پژوهش‌های جغرافیای برنامه‌ریزی شهری
دوره 8، شماره 3
مهر 1399
صفحه 613-630

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